Effectiveness of Behavioral Interventions for Managing Occupational Exposure to Sharps and Body Fluids Among Healthcare Workers.

IF 1.4

Journal of occupational and environmental medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI:10.1097/JOM.0000000000003512

Getachew Kassa, Kennedy Otwombe, Berhanu Tekle, Geoffrey Fatti

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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the impact of behavioral change interventions on healthcare workers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to bloodborne pathogen exposure in Ethiopian hospitals.

Methods: A controlled pre/post cross-sectional study was conducted in four hospitals using structured questionnaires. Interventions included training and capacity-building, guided by the Health Belief Model and Social Cognitive Theory.

Results: Composite scores for knowledge and practices increased significantly. Knowledge rose from 914 to 1226 (p = 0.03), with marked improvements in risk perception (31% to 80%, p < 0.001) and understanding post-exposure policy (44% to 73%, p < 0.001). Safety practices increased from 990 to 1409 (p = 0.05). Exposure reporting rose from 22% to 72% (p < 0.001), and use of the prevention guide from 55% to 89% (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Behavioral interventions enhanced knowledge and exposure management practices.

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行为干预对管理医疗工作者职业接触利器和体液的有效性。

目的：评估行为改变干预对埃塞俄比亚医院医护人员与血源性病原体暴露相关的知识、态度和做法的影响。方法：采用结构化问卷对四家医院进行对照前后横断面研究。干预措施包括以健康信念模型和社会认知理论为指导的培训和能力建设。结果：知识和实践的综合得分显著提高。知识从914上升到1226 (p = 0.03)，风险认知（31%到80%，p < 0.001）和对暴露后政策的理解（44%到73%，p < 0.001）有显著改善。安全措施从990增加到1409 （p = 0.05）。暴露报告从22%上升到72% (p < 0.001)，使用预防指南从55%上升到89% （p < 0.001）。结论：行为干预增强了知识和暴露管理实践。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Journal of occupational and environmental medicine

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