Effects of resistance exercise on cognitive function, neurotrophic factors, brain structure, and brain function in older adults: A narrative review.

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI:10.1177/13872877251359630

Wanting Jiang, Xing Wang, Lijuan Mao

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Abstract

Cognitive decline is age-specific or related to dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), which poses great concern to older adults. Exercise contributes to cognitive gains, with aerobic exercise (AE) being the most commonly studied type. However, other types, such as resistance exercise (RE), have received less attention in exercise-cognition research. This narrative review aims to synthesize evidence addressing the effects of RE, including the influence of its various parameters on cognitive function in older adults. It also examines the adaptations of neurotrophic factors, brain structure, and brain function in response to RE and explores the relationship between these adaptive responses and cognitive function. A comprehensive search of PubMed databases was conducted up to Jan 2025, identifying 41 randomized controlled trials for inclusion. RE may effectively improve executive function, memory function, and global cognition in older adults with and without cognitive impairment. However, optimal exercise parameters, such as intensity, frequency, and length, remain to be established. Evidence suggests that RE may elevate peripheral insulin-like growth factor 1 levels, increase gray matter thickness, mitigate hippocampal atrophy, and enhance brain activation, all of which appear to contribute to cognitive improvements. Collectively, these studies advance our understanding of the potential role of RE in promoting cognitive and brain health during aging.

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阻力运动对老年人认知功能、神经营养因子、脑结构和脑功能的影响：一篇叙述性综述。

认知能力下降是年龄特异性的，或与痴呆和阿尔茨海默病（AD）有关，这是老年人非常关注的问题。运动有助于提高认知能力，有氧运动（AE）是最常被研究的运动类型。然而，其他类型的运动，如阻力运动（RE），在运动认知研究中受到的关注较少。这篇叙述性综述的目的是综合有关RE的影响的证据，包括其各种参数对老年人认知功能的影响。它还研究了神经营养因子、脑结构和脑功能在RE反应中的适应性，并探讨了这些适应性反应与认知功能之间的关系。到2025年1月，对PubMed数据库进行了全面检索，确定了41项随机对照试验。RE可有效改善有或无认知障碍的老年人的执行功能、记忆功能和整体认知能力。然而，最佳的运动参数，如强度、频率和长度，仍有待确定。有证据表明，RE可能会提高外周胰岛素样生长因子1水平，增加灰质厚度，减轻海马萎缩，增强脑激活，所有这些似乎都有助于认知改善。总的来说，这些研究促进了我们对可再生能源在促进衰老过程中认知和大脑健康方面的潜在作用的理解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

7.50%

发文量

1327

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Alzheimer''s Disease (JAD) is an international multidisciplinary journal to facilitate progress in understanding the etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, genetics, behavior, treatment and psychology of Alzheimer''s disease. The journal publishes research reports, reviews, short communications, hypotheses, ethics reviews, book reviews, and letters-to-the-editor. The journal is dedicated to providing an open forum for original research that will expedite our fundamental understanding of Alzheimer''s disease.