Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections among patients with suspected or confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 1.7 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

IJID regions Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI:10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100692

Deresse Daka , Belay Tessema , Awelani Mutshembele , Amir Alelign , Wubet Birhan , Baye Gelaw

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Abstract

Objectives

This study reviews and analyzes non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolation from Ethiopian sputum samples, estimating prevalence, identifying common species, and analyzing regional and temporal variations.

Methods

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine NTM prevalence among diseased individuals in Ethiopia. Using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online, we conducted a comprehensive literature search. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA-18 software with a random-effects model and included subgroup analysis. The protocol of this study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251000131).

Results

In this review, a total of 5415 participants were involved, and 53.8% were patients with suspected tuberculosis (TB), 37.6% were patients with pulmonary TB, 4.0% were patients with multidrug-resistant TB, and 4.6% were HIV-positive patients. The NTM prevalence was 3.8%, showing high heterogeneity and regional species variability. The meta-analysis highlighted differences in NTM prevalence across age groups and diagnostic tools, emphasizing the need for enhanced diagnostics and continuous surveillance to improve patient outcomes and inform public health strategies.

Conclusions

The review summarizes the epidemiology and geographical distribution of NTM infections and common NTM species isolated from patients with suspected pulmonary TB in Ethiopia, revealing regional variations and clinical implications. Despite limited data, Ethiopia has a lower prevalence of NTM compared with other African regions and the worldwide average.

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埃塞俄比亚疑似或确诊肺结核患者的非结核分枝杆菌感染：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析

本研究回顾和分析了埃塞俄比亚痰样本中分离的非结核分枝杆菌（NTM），估计患病率，确定常见种类，并分析了区域和时间变化。方法本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在确定埃塞俄比亚患病个体中NTM的流行情况。利用PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、b谷歌Scholar和African Journals Online，我们进行了全面的文献检索。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行数据提取和质量评估。meta分析采用STATA-18软件，采用随机效应模型，纳入亚组分析。本研究的方案已在PROSPERO注册（CRD420251000131）。结果共纳入5415人，其中疑似结核病患者占53.8%，肺结核患者占37.6%，耐多药结核病患者占4.0%，hiv阳性患者占4.6%。NTM患病率为3.8%，具有较高的异质性和区域物种变异性。该荟萃分析强调了不同年龄组和诊断工具之间NTM患病率的差异，强调需要加强诊断和持续监测，以改善患者预后并为公共卫生战略提供信息。结论总结了埃塞俄比亚疑似肺结核患者NTM感染的流行病学和地理分布，揭示了地区差异和临床意义。尽管数据有限，但与其他非洲区域和世界平均水平相比，埃塞俄比亚的NTM患病率较低。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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