A phosphorus-imidazole-based ionic liquid curing agent with high fire resistance and rapid curing capability, endowing epoxy resins with ultra-high toughness

IF 7.3 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Progress in Organic Coatings Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109522

Yijing Chen , Han Feng , RanRan Li , Chunhong Zhang , Yuhui Ao , Lei Shang

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Abstract

In this work, the synthesis of simple and convenient flame retardant curing agents for epoxy resin (EP) was investigated to solve the problems of existing flame retardant curing agents due to their complicated preparation process and poor mechanical properties. In this paper, a new type of ionic liquid curing agent (ZIM) was successfully synthesized by introducing a one-step reaction between n-octylphosphoric acid (OPA), which contains a flexible chain, and imidazole (IM) at room temperature. The results showed that the curing agent had a gel time of only 3.5 min at 120 °C, and could achieve UL94 V-0 rating with an ultimate oxygen index of 32 % or more at any additive amount of 15 phr or more. The peak exothermic rate and total exothermic rate are reduced by 55.45 % and 33.45 %, which can meet the requirements of fire safety standards in the industrial field. In addition, the incorporation of flexible chain segments and the absorption of energy dissipation by ionic bonding resulted in a 118.33 % increase in elongation at break and 127.44 % increase in impact strength of EP/ZIM-15, which greatly improved the mechanical properties. This work provides an efficient and simple method for preparing high performing EP curing agents.

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一种磷基咪唑离子液体固化剂，具有高耐火性和快速固化能力，使环氧树脂具有超高韧性

为解决现有环氧树脂（EP）阻燃固化剂制备工艺复杂、力学性能差的问题，研究了一种简便的环氧树脂阻燃固化剂的合成方法。本文在室温条件下，通过引入含柔性链的正辛基磷酸（OPA）与咪唑（IM）的一步反应，成功合成了一种新型离子液体固化剂（ZIM）。结果表明，该固化剂在120℃下的凝胶时间仅为3.5 min，在添加量为15 phr及以上时，其最终氧指数达到32%以上，达到UL94 V-0等级。峰值放热率和总放热率分别降低55.45%和33.45%，满足工业领域消防安全标准要求。此外，柔性链段的加入和离子键对能量耗散的吸收，使EP/ZIM-15的断裂伸长率提高了118.33%，冲击强度提高了127.44%，力学性能得到了极大的改善。本工作为制备高性能EP固化剂提供了一种简便有效的方法。

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来源期刊

Progress in Organic Coatings 工程技术-材料科学：膜

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

15.20%

发文量

577

审稿时长

48 days

期刊介绍： The aim of this international journal is to analyse and publicise the progress and current state of knowledge in the field of organic coatings and related materials. The Editors and the Editorial Board members will solicit both review and research papers from academic and industrial scientists who are actively engaged in research and development or, in the case of review papers, have extensive experience in the subject to be reviewed. Unsolicited manuscripts will be accepted if they meet the journal''s requirements. The journal publishes papers dealing with such subjects as: • Chemical, physical and technological properties of organic coatings and related materials • Problems and methods of preparation, manufacture and application of these materials • Performance, testing and analysis.