Innovative Nb2CTx MXene nanomaterial-supported MIP sensor for detection of HIF–PHI inhibitor roxadustat in biological and pharmaceutical samples

IF 5.6 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Talanta Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2025.128573

Mahdi Gharibi , Ahmet Cetinkaya , Havva Nur Gurbuz , Aytekin Uzunoglu , Esen Bellur Atici , Sibel A. Ozkan

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Abstract

Roxadustat (ROX), a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF–PHI), effectively treats anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) by increasing hemoglobin levels by activating the body's natural hypoxic response. This work details the development and manufacturing of an electrochemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) and supported by MXene for the detection of ROX. Additionally, MIP-based sensors were created to identify ROX in standard solutions and biological samples. In the MIP-based electrochemical sensor developed using the photopolymerization (PP) method on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface were utilized 2-dimensional Nb₂CT_x MXene (2D Nb₂CT_x) as a pore former, 3-amino phenylboronic acid (3-APBA) served as the functional monomer, and ROX as the template molecule. Under optimized experimental conditions, the designed sensor exhibited a linearity range of 1.0 × 10⁻¹³ – 1.0 × 10⁻¹² M. Interference studies confirmed the superior selectivity of the MIP-based sensor for ROX, demonstrating its effectiveness in various binary mixtures. The recovery values of the MIP-based sensors were found to be 100.80% for commercial tablet samples and 99.53% for commercial serum samples. Moreover, the relative selectivity coefficient (k′) of the proposed sensor was calculated. This recently designed sensor provides a promising method for quickly, sensitively, economically, and selectively analyzing ROX. The results obtained in high selectivity and recovery studies make the developed sensor a valuable tool for various applications in clinical and pharmaceutical environments. In addition, this study achieved better sensitivity than other studies in the literature and is the first electrochemical sensor prepared using Nb₂CT_x MXene nanomaterials-supported MIP technology for ROX measurement.

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创新的Nb2CTx MXene纳米材料支持的MIP传感器，用于检测生物和制药样品中HIF-PHI抑制剂罗沙司他

Roxadustat （ROX）是一种缺氧诱导因子脯氨酰羟化酶抑制剂（HIF-PHI），通过激活人体的自然缺氧反应来提高血红蛋白水平，有效治疗慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）的贫血。这项工作详细介绍了基于分子印迹聚合物（MIP）并由MXene支持的电化学传感器的开发和制造，用于检测ROX。此外，还创建了基于mip的传感器来识别标准溶液和生物样品中的ROX。采用光聚合（PP）方法在玻碳电极（GCE）表面制备了基于mip的电化学传感器，以二维Nb2CTx MXene （2D Nb2CTx）为孔前体，3-氨基苯硼酸（3-APBA）为功能单体，ROX为模板分子。在优化的实验条件下，所设计的传感器的线性范围为1.0 × 10−13 ~ 1.0 × 10−12 m，干扰研究证实了基于mip的传感器对ROX的优越选择性，证明了它在各种二元混合物中的有效性。基于mip的传感器对商品片剂样品和商品血清样品的回收率分别为100.80%和99.53%。此外，还计算了该传感器的相对选择性系数k′。这种新设计的传感器为快速、灵敏、经济、选择性地分析ROX提供了一种很有前途的方法。高选择性和高回收率的研究结果使所开发的传感器成为临床和制药环境中各种应用的有价值的工具。此外，本研究获得了比文献中其他研究更好的灵敏度，是第一个使用Nb2CTx MXene纳米材料支持的MIP技术制备的电化学传感器，用于ROX测量。

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来源期刊

Talanta 化学-分析化学

CiteScore

12.30

自引率

4.90%

发文量

861

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： Talanta provides a forum for the publication of original research papers, short communications, and critical reviews in all branches of pure and applied analytical chemistry. Papers are evaluated based on established guidelines, including the fundamental nature of the study, scientific novelty, substantial improvement or advantage over existing technology or methods, and demonstrated analytical applicability. Original research papers on fundamental studies, and on novel sensor and instrumentation developments, are encouraged. Novel or improved applications in areas such as clinical and biological chemistry, environmental analysis, geochemistry, materials science and engineering, and analytical platforms for omics development are welcome. Analytical performance of methods should be determined, including interference and matrix effects, and methods should be validated by comparison with a standard method, or analysis of a certified reference material. Simple spiking recoveries may not be sufficient. The developed method should especially comprise information on selectivity, sensitivity, detection limits, accuracy, and reliability. However, applying official validation or robustness studies to a routine method or technique does not necessarily constitute novelty. Proper statistical treatment of the data should be provided. Relevant literature should be cited, including related publications by the authors, and authors should discuss how their proposed methodology compares with previously reported methods.