Adherence to a Cholesterol-Lowering Diet and the Risk of Female Hormone-Related Cancers: An Analysis From a Case–Control Study Network

IF 4.3 1区医学 Q1 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Bjog-An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI:10.1111/1471-0528.18302

Giovanna Esposito, Livia S. A. Augustin, David J. A. Jenkins, Monica Ferraroni, Fabio Parazzini, Anna Crispo, Luigino Dal Maso, Eva Negri, Carlo La Vecchia, Jerry Polesel, Matteo Di Maso

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Abstract

Objective

We investigated the association between a cholesterol-lowering diet score and the risk of female hormone-related cancers.

Design

We used data on 2108 breast, 367 endometrial, 869 ovarian cancer cases and corresponding controls from an Italian network of case–control studies.

Setting

Hospital-based.

Sample

Breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer cases and controls.

Methods

We assessed the adherence to a cholesterol-lowering diet using a score based on seven dietary components: high intake of non-cellulosic polysaccharides, monounsaturated fatty acids, legumes, seeds/corn oil; low intake of saturated fatty acids, dietary cholesterol, and glycaemic index. We assigned one point for each component if the requirement was met; otherwise, we assigned zero. The overall score was calculated by summing up points over the seven components, ranging from 0 (null) to 7 (complete adherence).

Main Outcome Measures

Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated through unconditional logistic regression models including terms for potential confounders.

Results

Compared to a low adherence to a cholesterol-lowering diet (0–2 points), the ORs for a higher adherence (5–7 points) were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.60–0.92) for breast, 0.48 (95% CI: 0.30–0.77) for endometrial, and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.57–0.99) for ovarian cancer. The ORs for a 1-point increment in the score were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.97–0.80), 0.80 (95% CI: 0.72–0.90), and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.84–0.97) for breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, respectively.

Conclusions

A cholesterol-lowering diet may favourably affect the risk of female hormone-related cancers.

Abstract Image

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坚持降胆固醇饮食和女性激素相关癌症的风险：来自病例对照研究网络的分析

目的：我们研究降低胆固醇饮食评分与女性激素相关癌症风险之间的关系。设计：我们使用了来自意大利病例对照研究网络的2108例乳腺癌、367例子宫内膜癌、869例卵巢癌病例和相应对照的数据。乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌病例及对照。方法：我们使用基于7种膳食成分的评分来评估降低胆固醇饮食的依从性：非纤维素多糖、单不饱和脂肪酸、豆类、种子/玉米油的高摄入量；低摄入饱和脂肪酸、膳食胆固醇和血糖指数。如果满足要求，我们为每个组件分配一分；否则，赋值为0。总体得分是通过将七个组成部分的积分相加来计算的，范围从0（零）到7（完全遵守）。主要结局测量指标比率（ORs）和95%置信区间（ci）通过包含潜在混杂因素的无条件逻辑回归模型估计。结果：与低依从性降胆固醇饮食（0-2分）相比，高依从性（5-7分）的乳腺癌患者的or为0.74 (95% CI: 0.60-0.92)，子宫内膜患者的or为0.48 (95% CI: 0.30-0.77)，卵巢癌患者的or为0.77 （95% CI: 0.57-0.99）。乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌评分每增加1分的or分别为0.87 （95% CI: 0.97-0.80）、0.80 （95% CI: 0.72-0.90）和0.90 （95% CI: 0.84-0.97）。结论降胆固醇饮食可能有利于降低女性激素相关癌症的发生风险。

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来源期刊

Bjog-An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 医学-妇产科学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

5.20%

发文量

345

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： BJOG is an editorially independent publication owned by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). The Journal publishes original, peer-reviewed work in all areas of obstetrics and gynaecology, including contraception, urogynaecology, fertility, oncology and clinical practice. Its aim is to publish the highest quality medical research in women''s health, worldwide.