Imaging in Handball Sports Injuries: A Comprehensive Review Focused on Upper Limb Pathologies.

Abstract

Handball is a high-intensity sport with significant risks of both acute and chronic injuries, particularly in the upper and lower extremities. This review article focuses on imaging findings of upper limb injuries sustained by handball players, with a special emphasis on shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand pathologies. These injuries are common due to the repetitive throwing actions and frequent physical contact inherent in the sport. We discuss key epidemiological data, biomechanical demands, especially throwing, and review specific imaging characteristics and management strategies for these injuries. Understanding these findings is essential for accurate diagnosis, targeted treatment, and optimization of tailored athlete management. This review will help radiologists and sports medicine professionals identify and manage injuries in handball players, with a focus on the upper extremity.