Cohort study of human infection by Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi in southern Honduras, Central America.

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI:10.1093/trstmh/traf077

Wilfredo Sosa-Ochoa, Concepción Zuniga, Gabriela V A Flores, Carmen M S Pacheco, Carlos E P Corbett, Fernando T Silveira, Márcia D Laurenti

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Abstract

Background: In Honduras, Central America, human infection with Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi can lead to the clinical manifestation known as non-ulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL) and visceral leishmaniasis. This study evaluates the dynamics of human infection with L. (L.) infantum chagasi, focusing on the NUCL form, atypical and rare clinical form of disease.

Methods: A cohort of 576 individuals from Amapala, southern Honduras, was followed for 2 y with clinical, parasitological and immunological tests: ELISA-IgG/IgM and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) tests were conducted at 12 and 24 mo.

Results: The prevalence was 82% asymptomatic and 18% symptomatic, with only NUCL cases. Among asymptomatic individuals, 44.9% with an indeterminate profile (DTH-/ELISA+) evolved to a final asymptomatic infection profile (DTH+/ELISA-). Among symptomatic individuals, 43% had an early symptomatic profile (DTH-/ELISA-) and evolved to a final symptomatic infection profile (DTH+/ELISA-). Notably, none of the NUCL cases developed visceral disease during the study.

Conclusions: The results suggest that L. (L.) infantum chagasi infection in southern Honduras is generally benign, as most infected individuals evolved to DTH+ and none of them developed visceral disease.

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中美洲洪都拉斯南部地区人感染查加西幼年利什曼原虫的队列研究。

背景：在中美洲洪都拉斯，人感染恰加西婴儿利什曼原虫可导致临床表现为非溃疡性皮肤利什曼病（NUCL）和内脏利什曼病。本研究评估了人类感染查加西乳酸菌的动态，重点关注NUCL形式，非典型和罕见的临床形式。方法：对来自洪都拉斯南部Amapala的576人进行了为期2年的临床、寄生虫学和免疫学检测：ELISA-IgG/IgM和延迟型超敏反应（DTH）检测分别于12点和24点进行。结果：患病率为82%无症状，18%有症状，只有NUCL病例。在无症状个体中，44.9%的不确定特征（DTH-/ELISA+）演变为最终无症状感染特征（DTH+/ELISA-）。在有症状的个体中，43%具有早期症状特征（DTH-/ELISA-）并演变为最终症状感染特征（DTH+/ELISA-）。值得注意的是，在研究期间没有一例NUCL病例发生内脏疾病。结论：宏都拉斯南部地区的婴儿弓形虫感染总体上是良性的，大多数感染弓形虫的个体进化为DTH+，没有发生内脏疾病。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

9.10%

发文量

115

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene publishes authoritative and impactful original, peer-reviewed articles and reviews on all aspects of tropical medicine.