Clinical and immunological biomarkers in hypereosinophilic syndrome: the second step after diagnostic algorithms.

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Frontiers in Medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-02 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fmed.2025.1600728

David Longhino, Ilaria Baglivo, Maria Antonietta Zavarella, Stefania Colantuono, Chiara Laface, Gabriele Lucca, Laura Bruno, Fabio Romano Selvi, Vincenzo Patella, Aikaterini Detoraki, Rosa Buonagura, Caterina Tatarelli, Barbara Moscatelli, Serena D'Avelli, Elisabetta Abruzzese, Elisabetta Greco, Antonio Gasbarrini, Livio Pagano, Marianna Criscuolo, Sabrina Giammarco, Cristiano Caruso

{"title":"Clinical and immunological biomarkers in hypereosinophilic syndrome: the second step after diagnostic algorithms.","authors":"David Longhino, Ilaria Baglivo, Maria Antonietta Zavarella, Stefania Colantuono, Chiara Laface, Gabriele Lucca, Laura Bruno, Fabio Romano Selvi, Vincenzo Patella, Aikaterini Detoraki, Rosa Buonagura, Caterina Tatarelli, Barbara Moscatelli, Serena D'Avelli, Elisabetta Abruzzese, Elisabetta Greco, Antonio Gasbarrini, Livio Pagano, Marianna Criscuolo, Sabrina Giammarco, Cristiano Caruso","doi":"10.3389/fmed.2025.1600728","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome currently represents a major unmet need for all medical specialties dealing with this disease. Markers capable of characterising the wide variability of its clinical presentation are currently lacking.Objective: This study aims to evaluate a panel of possible markers in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.Methods: In this pilot prospective single-centre cohort study, we analysed clinical (age, years of disease, steroid therapy) and laboratory (absolute eosinophil count, total IgE antibodies, IgE antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins, serum eosinophil cationic protein, serum immunoglobulin free light chains k and λ and their ratio) data obtained from 21 patients suffering from idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome from June 2023 to December 2024.Results: Mean absolute eosinophilic count was 3758.57 cells/μL. 17 patients were receiving treatment with > 7.5 mg of prednisone or equivalent at the time of the diagnosis. 13 patients had positive Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins IgE, while the mean total serum IgE was 241.64 kU/L. We observed a high serum eosinophil cationic protein value as well as a high serum κ free light chain, while serum λ and κ/λ were normal. Patients with higher absolute eosinophilic count had higher eosinophil cationic protein levels (p < 0.05), such as higher steroid consumption (p < 0.05). In addition, we found a strong association between high κ free light chain levels and high previous steroid use and with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins IgE positivity.Conclusion: Our results could increase the number of possible biomarkers for risk stratification in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":12488,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Medicine","volume":"12 ","pages":"1600728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263904/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2025.1600728","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome currently represents a major unmet need for all medical specialties dealing with this disease. Markers capable of characterising the wide variability of its clinical presentation are currently lacking.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate a panel of possible markers in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.

Methods: In this pilot prospective single-centre cohort study, we analysed clinical (age, years of disease, steroid therapy) and laboratory (absolute eosinophil count, total IgE antibodies, IgE antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins, serum eosinophil cationic protein, serum immunoglobulin free light chains k and λ and their ratio) data obtained from 21 patients suffering from idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome from June 2023 to December 2024.

Results: Mean absolute eosinophilic count was 3758.57 cells/μL. 17 patients were receiving treatment with > 7.5 mg of prednisone or equivalent at the time of the diagnosis. 13 patients had positive Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins IgE, while the mean total serum IgE was 241.64 kU/L. We observed a high serum eosinophil cationic protein value as well as a high serum κ free light chain, while serum λ and κ/λ were normal. Patients with higher absolute eosinophilic count had higher eosinophil cationic protein levels (p < 0.05), such as higher steroid consumption (p < 0.05). In addition, we found a strong association between high κ free light chain levels and high previous steroid use and with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins IgE positivity.

Conclusion: Our results could increase the number of possible biomarkers for risk stratification in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.

查看原文本刊更多论文

高嗜酸性粒细胞综合征的临床和免疫生物标志物：诊断算法后的第二步。

背景：特发性高嗜酸性粒细胞综合征目前是所有医学专业处理这种疾病的主要未满足需求。目前缺乏能够表征其临床表现的广泛变异性的标志物。目的：本研究旨在评估特发性嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合征的一组可能的标志物。方法：在这项前瞻性单中心队列研究中，我们分析了2023年6月至2024年12月21例特发性高嗜酸性粒细胞综合征患者的临床（年龄、患病年数、类固醇治疗）和实验室（嗜酸性粒细胞绝对计数、总IgE抗体、抗金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素的IgE抗体、血清嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白、血清免疫球蛋白游离轻链k和λ及其比值）数据。结果：嗜酸性粒细胞平均绝对计数为3758.57个/μL。在诊断时，17名患者正在接受bbb7.5 mg强的松或同等药物的治疗。金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素IgE阳性13例，平均血清总IgE为241.64 kU/L。血清嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白高，血清κ游离轻链高，血清λ和κ/λ正常。嗜酸性粒细胞绝对计数较高的患者嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白水平较高（p < 0.05），如类固醇消耗较高（p < 0.05）。此外，我们发现高κ自由轻链水平与既往高类固醇使用和金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素IgE阳性之间存在密切关联。结论：我们的研究结果可以增加特发性嗜酸性粒细胞增多综合征风险分层的可能生物标志物的数量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Frontiers in Medicine Medicine-General Medicine

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

5.10%

发文量

3710

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Medicine publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research linking basic research to clinical practice and patient care, as well as translating scientific advances into new therapies and diagnostic tools. Led by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts, this multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. In addition to papers that provide a link between basic research and clinical practice, a particular emphasis is given to studies that are directly relevant to patient care. In this spirit, the journal publishes the latest research results and medical knowledge that facilitate the translation of scientific advances into new therapies or diagnostic tools. The full listing of the Specialty Sections represented by Frontiers in Medicine is as listed below. As well as the established medical disciplines, Frontiers in Medicine is launching new sections that together will facilitate - the use of patient-reported outcomes under real world conditions - the exploitation of big data and the use of novel information and communication tools in the assessment of new medicines - the scientific bases for guidelines and decisions from regulatory authorities - access to medicinal products and medical devices worldwide - addressing the grand health challenges around the world