Investigation of the molecular and cellular effects of Shilajit on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of shilajit on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat model.

Materials and methods: Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Control, 5-FU, shilajit, and 5-FU + shilajit. 5-FU was administered intraperitoneally at 200 mg/kg, while shilajit was given orally at 200 mg/kg. Kidney tissues were analyzed for oxidative stress markers, protein expression (SIRT2, SIRT3, β-catenin, E-cadherin, and caspase-3), and histopathological changes.

Results: 5-FU significantly increased oxidative stress parameters and kidney damage markers. Shilajit co-administration with 5-FU reduced oxidative stress and increased anti-oxidant status and SIRT2, SIRT3, and cell adhesion protein expression. Histopathological evaluation showed reduced renal damage in the shilajit + 5-FU group compared to the 5-FU group.

Conclusion: Shilajit exhibited significant protective effects against 5-FU-induced nephrotoxicity, improving oxidative parameters, protein expression, and kidney histopathology. Further studies are needed to elucidate its molecular mechanism and therapeutic potential.