Colombian Criollo horses' trot, trocha, and gallop are submaximal oxygen consumption gaits with unique locomotory-respiratory coupling.

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI:10.2460/ajvr.25.04.0151

Shannon Massie, Lady Consuelo Calixto Vega, Angélica María Zuluaga-Cabrera, Warwick M Bayly, Renaud Léguillette

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Colombian Criollo horses are bred for their smooth gaits that emphasize full collection and rapid footfall. The physiological demands of these gaits remain unknown. Our objective was to determine if oxygen consumption, ventilation, locomotor-respiratory coupling, and running economy differed between the trot or trocha and the gallop.

Methods: 7 competition horses completed a controlled design standardized field test between January 10 and 20, 2025. Horses wore a cardiotachometer and ergospirometer to measure heart rate, oxygen consumption, and ventilation at the trot or trocha and the gallop. Locomotor-respiratory coupling and running economy were determined. Measurement differences were analyzed between gaits (paired t test; P < .05).

Results: Oxygen consumption and minute ventilation were similar between the trot or trocha (80 ± 12 mL/[kg·min]; 774 ± 113 L/min) and gallop (82 ± 20 mL/[kg·min]; 771 ± 141 L/min). However, respiratory frequency was higher during the trot or trocha (108 ± 20 breaths/min) than gallop (91 ± 11 breaths/min), and tidal volume was lower (7.3 ± 1.8 L vs 8.6 ± 2.3 L). No differences were observed in peak inspiratory or expiratory airflow despite longer inspirations and expirations during the gallop (0.34 ± 0.05 s; 0.32 ± 0.04 s) than the trot or trocha (0.29 ± 0.06 s; 0.28 ± 0.06 s). Stride frequency and heart rate were similar between the trot or trocha (2.3 ± 0.2 strides/s; 159 ± 28 beats/min) and the gallop (2.2 ± 0.1 strides/s; 154 ± 17 beats/min). Locomotor-respiratory coupling was 1.7:1 (±0.6) at the trot or trocha, compared to 3:2 (±0.3) with the gallop. The running economy was lower during the gallop than the trot or trocha.

Conclusions: The trot or trocha and gallop represent submaximal exercise. Locomotor-respiratory coupling (> 1:1) and RE differed between gaits.

Clinical relevance: Locomotor-respiratory coupling differed between the trot or trocha and the gallop and was greater than the usual 1:1 observed with 3- and 4-beat gaits.

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哥伦比亚Criollo马的小跑、直跑和疾驰是次最大耗氧量步态，具有独特的运动-呼吸耦合。

目的：哥伦比亚克里奥罗马因其平稳的步态而繁殖，强调充分的收集和快速的脚步。这些步态的生理需求尚不清楚。我们的目的是确定是否耗氧量，通风，运动-呼吸耦合，跑步经济性在小跑或速跑和飞奔之间有所不同。方法：7匹参赛马于2025年1月10日~ 20日完成对照设计标准化现场试验。马戴着心率计和肺活量计来测量心率、耗氧量和快步或疾驰时的通气。测定了运动-呼吸耦合和运行经济性。分析步态之间的测量差异(配对t检验；P < 0.05)。结果：两组间耗氧量及分气量相近(80±12 mL/[kg·min]；（774±113 L/min）和(82±20 mL/[kg·min]；771±141 L/min)。但小跑和直跑时的呼吸频率（108±20次/min）高于快步（91±11次/min），潮气量（7.3±1.8 L）低于快步（8.6±2.3 L）。尽管在疾驰过程中吸气和呼气时间较长，但吸气和呼气气流峰值无差异(0.34±0.05 s；（0.32±0.04 s）比小跑或trocha(0.29±0.06 s；0.28±0.06 s)。步频和心率在trot和trocha之间相似（2.3±0.2 strides/s）；159±28次/分)和驰骋（2.2±0.1步/秒）；154±17次/分)。运动-呼吸耦合在快步或直跑时为1.7:1（±0.6），而在疾驰时为3:2（±0.3）。在快步跑时，跑步的经济性比小跑或直跑时要低。结论：小跑、直跑和疾驰是次极限运动。运动-呼吸耦合（> 1:1）和RE在不同步态之间存在差异。临床相关性：运动-呼吸耦合在小跑或直跑和疾驰之间存在差异，并且大于通常在3拍和4拍步态中观察到的1:1。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American journal of veterinary research 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

10.00%

发文量

186

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Veterinary Research supports the collaborative exchange of information between researchers and clinicians by publishing novel research findings that bridge the gulf between basic research and clinical practice or that help to translate laboratory research and preclinical studies to the development of clinical trials and clinical practice. The journal welcomes submission of high-quality original studies and review articles in a wide range of scientific fields, including anatomy, anesthesiology, animal welfare, behavior, epidemiology, genetics, heredity, infectious disease, molecular biology, oncology, pharmacology, pathogenic mechanisms, physiology, surgery, theriogenology, toxicology, and vaccinology. Species of interest include production animals, companion animals, equids, exotic animals, birds, reptiles, and wild and marine animals. Reports of laboratory animal studies and studies involving the use of animals as experimental models of human diseases are considered only when the study results are of demonstrable benefit to the species used in the research or to another species of veterinary interest. Other fields of interest or animals species are not necessarily excluded from consideration, but such reports must focus on novel research findings. Submitted papers must make an original and substantial contribution to the veterinary medicine knowledge base; preliminary studies are not appropriate.