Synergistic evaluation of anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic effects of Alangium salvifolium and Ocimum sanctum extracts.

Abstract

In this study, Alangium salvifolium and Ocimum sanctum extracts were investigated for their antioxidant, antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities individually and in combined form. HPLC, LC-MS and UPLC phytochemicals profiling identified phenolics and flavonoids as major bioactives. Antioxidant assays showed significant DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, with the combined formulation (1:1 ratio) 91.2 and 89.6% inhibition was achieved respectively. Antidiabetic activities were first investigated in vitro with the ability of the combination to inhibit both α-amylase (IC₅₀ = 38.4 µg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC₅₀ = 45.2 µg/mL) having the strongest inhibitory effects. The hypolipidemic activity included inhibition of lipid peroxidation (78.5%); pancreatic lipase inhibition (70.2%). The bioactives were further molecular docked to find strong binding affinities with PPARγ, DPP-IV, and HMG-CoA reductase. Results were confirmed statistically different (p < 0.05) between treated and control groups. These results suggest that the extracts can exhibit synergy as natural therapeutics in diabetes and lipid disorders.