Cancer Vaccines: Mechanisms, Clinical Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions in Precision Medicine.

IF 3.5 4区医学 Q3 ONCOLOGY

Current cancer drug targets Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI:10.2174/0115680096381121250628142857

Alaa A A Aljabali, Omar Gammoh, Mohammad Obeid, Esam Qnais, Abdelrahim Alqudah, Mohamed El-Tanani, Taher Hatahet

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cancer poses a major health burden worldwide, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Personalized cancer vaccines represent a promising form of immunotherapy that enhances the ability of the immune system to recognize and destroy tumor cells through tumor-associated and cancer-specific antigens. This review categorizes cancer vaccines into preventive, therapeutic, and personalized vaccines, discussing their mechanisms, clinical applications, and current FDA-approved examples, such as Sip-uleucel-T and HPV vaccines. We highlight the recent advances in RNA-based vaccines, viral vectors, and nanotechnology, along with the synergistic role of cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint inhibitors in improving therapeutic efficacy. Overcoming ethical, regulatory, and technological barriers through global collaboration is essential for maximizing vaccine efficacy and enhancing patient outcomes. This review highlights the pivotal role of personalized vaccines in advancing precision medicine and reshaping cancer treatment paradigms.

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癌症疫苗：精准医学的机制、临床应用、挑战和未来方向。

癌症在世界范围内造成了重大的健康负担，因此需要开发新的治疗方法。个性化癌症疫苗代表了一种很有前途的免疫治疗形式，它可以增强免疫系统通过肿瘤相关和癌症特异性抗原识别和摧毁肿瘤细胞的能力。这篇综述将癌症疫苗分为预防性、治疗性和个性化疫苗，讨论了它们的机制、临床应用以及目前fda批准的例子，如Sip-uleucel-T和HPV疫苗。我们重点介绍了基于rna的疫苗、病毒载体和纳米技术的最新进展，以及癌症疫苗和免疫检查点抑制剂在提高治疗效果方面的协同作用。通过全球合作克服伦理、监管和技术障碍对于最大限度地提高疫苗效力和改善患者预后至关重要。这篇综述强调了个性化疫苗在推进精准医学和重塑癌症治疗范式方面的关键作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current cancer drug targets 医学-肿瘤学

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

105

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Current Cancer Drug Targets aims to cover all the latest and outstanding developments on the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology, genomics and biochemistry of contemporary molecular drug targets involved in cancer, e.g. disease specific proteins, receptors, enzymes and genes. Current Cancer Drug Targets publishes original research articles, letters, reviews / mini-reviews, drug clinical trial studies and guest edited thematic issues written by leaders in the field covering a range of current topics on drug targets involved in cancer. As the discovery, identification, characterization and validation of novel human drug targets for anti-cancer drug discovery continues to grow; this journal has become essential reading for all pharmaceutical scientists involved in drug discovery and development.