Factors Influencing Women's Participation in Nonfarm Economic Activities: Insights From the Fishing Community of Chandpur, Bangladesh

Shahiduzzaman Selim, Abu Zahid, Babor Ahmad, Md. Rakibul Hasan, Md. Anowar Hossain
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Abstract

This study aims to examine determinants of women participation in nonfarm activities among fishing community of Chandpur and identify the barriers such as traditional norms and lack of opportunities by using logistic regression and perception index. The study makes a novel contribution to the literature by highlighting the hitherto neglected setting of a fishing community in rural Bangladesh. The findings reveal that education, access to credit, skill development, and household characteristics significantly influence women's involvement in nonfarm sectors. Women with higher levels of education are more likely to engage in diverse economic activities, as education enhances their skills and adaptability. Access to credit emerges as a critical enabler, providing financial resources for entrepreneurial ventures and business expansion. Skill development initiatives are found to increase employability and participation rates, while favorable household characteristics, such as a larger household size and lower dependency ratios, further facilitate economic engagement by reducing caregiving burdens. The findings also underscore the importance of asset ownership and transportation infrastructure in enhancing women's economic participation. Asset ownership fosters financial independence, while access to transportation networks improves mobility and connectivity to markets and workplaces. Cultural and societal norms, however, continue to pose barriers, limiting opportunities for women in certain communities. The study has important policy implications. To enhance women's participation in rural nonfarm sectors, governments and development agencies should focus on expanding access to education and vocational training tailored to women's needs. Strengthening microfinance initiatives, particularly low-interest credit schemes, can empower women to invest in entrepreneurial activities. Additionally, improving infrastructure, including roads and public transportation, is essential for facilitating market access. Policies should also address cultural constraints, promoting gender equality and empowering women to fully participate in economic development. These measures collectively contribute to rural economic growth and the advancement of women's socioeconomic status.

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影响妇女参与非农业经济活动的因素:来自孟加拉国Chandpur渔业社区的见解
本研究旨在探讨Chandpur渔业社区妇女参与非农业活动的决定因素,并通过逻辑回归和感知指数找出传统规范和缺乏机会等障碍。这项研究通过突出迄今为止被忽视的孟加拉国农村渔业社区的环境,为文学做出了新颖的贡献。研究结果显示,教育、获得信贷的机会、技能发展和家庭特征显著影响妇女参与非农部门。受教育程度较高的妇女更有可能从事各种经济活动,因为教育提高了她们的技能和适应能力。获得信贷成为一个关键的推动因素,为创业企业和业务扩张提供财务资源。研究发现,技能发展举措可以提高就业能力和参与率,而家庭规模较大和抚养比较低等有利的家庭特征,通过减少照顾负担,进一步促进经济参与。调查结果还强调了资产所有权和交通基础设施在加强妇女经济参与方面的重要性。资产所有权促进了财务独立,而交通网络的使用改善了流动性以及与市场和工作场所的连通性。然而,文化和社会规范继续构成障碍,限制妇女在某些社区的机会。这项研究具有重要的政策意义。为了加强妇女在农村非农业部门的参与,政府和发展机构应侧重于扩大妇女获得适合其需要的教育和职业培训的机会。加强小额供资倡议,特别是低息信贷计划,可以使妇女有能力投资于企业活动。此外,改善基础设施,包括道路和公共交通,对于促进市场准入至关重要。政策还应解决文化制约,促进两性平等,赋予妇女充分参与经济发展的权力。这些措施共同有助于农村经济增长和提高妇女的社会经济地位。
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