{"title":"Functional Profiles of Phyllosphere and Rhizosphere Metagenomes Differ Across Milkweed Species","authors":"Thorsten E. Hansen, Laramy S. Enders","doi":"10.1111/1758-2229.70150","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Monarchs and their milkweed hosts are well studied for mechanisms of plant defence and insect counter-defence, but little is known about their associated microbiomes in this iconic system. It is unclear how herbivore-induced changes in milkweed microbiomes are linked to chemical defensive responses (i.e., plant secondary metabolites). Metagenomics was used to characterise functional gene profiles of bacterial communities associated with plant tissues and monarch caterpillars feeding in milkweed spp. (<i>Asclepias curassavica</i> L., 1753, <i>Asclepias syriaca</i> L., 1762, and <i>Asclepias tuberosa</i> subsp. <i>tuberosa</i>). We compared the influence of monarch feeding and milkweed spp. on phyllosphere and rhizosphere communities. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to profile microbial diversity, predict annotative functions, assess microbial plant secondary metabolite (PSM) degradation potential, and look for enrichment of PSM degradation pathways. Findings show phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbiomes have distinct functional gene profiles and the presence of potential PSM metabolism genes that varied across milkweed spp. Rhizosphere metagenomes had more genes and metabolic pathways involved in degradation/detoxification of known classes of PSMs. In relation to milkweed defensive chemical profiles, we saw an inverse pattern of PSM metabolism pathways and enzymes. Overall, results suggested greater potential for PSM metabolism in rhizosphere compared to phyllosphere communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":163,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","volume":"17 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1758-2229.70150","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Microbiology Reports","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1758-2229.70150","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Monarchs and their milkweed hosts are well studied for mechanisms of plant defence and insect counter-defence, but little is known about their associated microbiomes in this iconic system. It is unclear how herbivore-induced changes in milkweed microbiomes are linked to chemical defensive responses (i.e., plant secondary metabolites). Metagenomics was used to characterise functional gene profiles of bacterial communities associated with plant tissues and monarch caterpillars feeding in milkweed spp. (Asclepias curassavica L., 1753, Asclepias syriaca L., 1762, and Asclepias tuberosa subsp. tuberosa). We compared the influence of monarch feeding and milkweed spp. on phyllosphere and rhizosphere communities. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to profile microbial diversity, predict annotative functions, assess microbial plant secondary metabolite (PSM) degradation potential, and look for enrichment of PSM degradation pathways. Findings show phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbiomes have distinct functional gene profiles and the presence of potential PSM metabolism genes that varied across milkweed spp. Rhizosphere metagenomes had more genes and metabolic pathways involved in degradation/detoxification of known classes of PSMs. In relation to milkweed defensive chemical profiles, we saw an inverse pattern of PSM metabolism pathways and enzymes. Overall, results suggested greater potential for PSM metabolism in rhizosphere compared to phyllosphere communities.
期刊介绍：
The journal is identical in scope to Environmental Microbiology, shares the same editorial team and submission site, and will apply the same high level acceptance criteria. The two journals will be mutually supportive and evolve side-by-side.
Environmental Microbiology Reports provides a high profile vehicle for publication of the most innovative, original and rigorous research in the field. The scope of the Journal encompasses the diversity of current research on microbial processes in the environment, microbial communities, interactions and evolution and includes, but is not limited to, the following:
the structure, activities and communal behaviour of microbial communities
microbial community genetics and evolutionary processes
microbial symbioses, microbial interactions and interactions with plants, animals and abiotic factors
microbes in the tree of life, microbial diversification and evolution
population biology and clonal structure
microbial metabolic and structural diversity
microbial physiology, growth and survival
microbes and surfaces, adhesion and biofouling
responses to environmental signals and stress factors
modelling and theory development
pollution microbiology
extremophiles and life in extreme and unusual little-explored habitats
element cycles and biogeochemical processes, primary and secondary production
microbes in a changing world, microbially-influenced global changes
evolution and diversity of archaeal and bacterial viruses
new technological developments in microbial ecology and evolution, in particular for the study of activities of microbial communities, non-culturable microorganisms and emerging pathogens.
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