Engineering nanofibers for cutaneous drug delivery systems and therapeutic applications

Abstract

In the field of dermatological treatment and therapeutic innovation, nanofiber engineered through electrospinning technology have gained significant attention. These ultrafine structures replicate the natural framework of the extracellular environment, delivering exceptional breathability, malleability, and capacity to enhance cellular adhesion and tissue restoration. Scientists can precisely engineer these microscopic threads to administer pharmaceutical compounds with controlled released characteristics, rendering them particularly advantageous for addressing various skin conditions including lesions, eczematous inflammation, scaly erythematous plaques, follicular eruptions, and cutaneous malignancies. Incorporating antimicrobial elements, such as particulate zinc compounds and graphene-derived sheets can substantially improve their effectiveness in combating pathogenic invasion and accelerating dermal recovery. Furthermore, the electrospinning process facilitates the creation of multifunction-capable filaments with sophisticated attributes, including environment-sensitive drug release mechanisms that respond to skin surface acidity fluctuations, alongside diagnostic-therapeutic dual functionalities that permit continuous wound monitoring and assessment in clinical settings. Notwithstanding their remarkable promise, several hurdles persist in refining nanofiber architecture for bedside implementation, guaranteeing industrial-scale production capability, and executing thorough living organism investigations. This review examines cutting-edge developments in engineering nanofibers for cutaneous drug delivery systems and therapeutic applications and underscores their capacity to transform topical drug delivery systems, delivering personalized, effective, and precisely-directed treatment options.