Processor-in-the-loop validation of a super-twisting algorithm for enhanced direct power control of a variable-speed DFIG using dSPACE 1104 controller board

Abstract

Direct Power Control (DPC) technique applied to a Doubly-Fed Induction Generators (DFIG) presents numerous benefits, although encounters difficulties concerning power calculation and susceptibility to changes in system parameters. This novel paper addresses these restrictions by the utilization of Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control (STSMC) method. The typical hysteresis comparators in classical Direct Power Control (DPC) are substituted with a Direct Power Control utilizing a Super-Twisting Controller (DPC-STC), and the customary switching table is replaced with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) to provide enhanced smoothness and robustness in control. The suggested DPC-STC-PWM approach enhances control accuracy and guarantees superior tracking performance under step wind profiles and fluctuating wind conditions. The suggested control technique was initially designed and assessed through MATLAB/Simulink simulations under multiple wind speed profile conditions to determine its efficacy. The obtained results were compared to those of conventional DPC approah in terms of active power undulations/ripples, response time, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of supplied stator currents, and Steady-State Error (SSE). To verify the robustness of the studied proposed strategy againt the DFIG parameters changes, it was subjected to a robustness test with a varied wind profile. Despite modifications of DFIG system parameters, the finding confirm that the suggested control technique can maintain consistent and accurate high performance. In the three tests, the STC-based DPC-PWM outperformed classical conventional DPC technique by a very wide margin, reducing THD value by 79.83 %, 81.34 %, and 75.85 %, respectively, when the wind profile changed. Three separate reductions in the SSE for active power were achieved: 78.49 %, 71.14 %, and 85.57 % for the three tests. In addition, reactive power overshoot was reduced by 92.28 %, 96.87 %, and 89.50 %, and active power fluctuations were reduced by 66.66 %, 68.52 %, and 53.33 %, respectively.

The real-time Processor-in-the-Loop (PIL) test validation was realized with the dSPACE 1104 controller embedded card to further validate these findings, during which varied wind speeds were used. The experimental results closely aligned with the simulation outcomes, validating the efficacy of the STC-DPC method in alleviating the constraints of traditional DPC in DFIG-based wind energy conversion systems. The proposed novel technique proved itself as a durable and dependable alternative for improving the performance and stability of DFIG-based power conversion systems. The proposed method provides an effective and feasible solution for the growing wind energy sector in Morocco and across Africa, where grid stability and robust control are crucial.