Newly discovered cyanobacteria Nostoc sp. PCC7120 for high efficiency biodegradation of thiamethoxam: Photosynthesis response, enzyme strategies, and molecular mechanisms

IF 9.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Bioresource Technology Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132979

Shiye Zhu , Jiale Zhang , Anwei Chen , Youzheng Chai , Jianhua Zeng , Gen Lu , Ma Bai , Jihai Shao , Liang Peng , Si Luo

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Abstract

Agricultural expansion has led to the accumulation of neonicotinoid pesticides in water and soil, which are habitats for widespread cyanobacteria. However, the cyanobacteria-neonicotinoids interaction mechanisms remain unclear. This study first explores Thiamethoxam (THX) biodegradation by Nostoc sp. PCC7120, elucidating cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-mediated THX metabolism. Nostoc sp. PCC7120 could remove THX completely within 6 days mainly via biodegradation (75 %). While THX stimulates cell growth, evidence (damaged thylakoid membranes, lowered electron transfer efficiency, reduced photosynthetic pigments, and altered key gene expression) shows it disrupts photosynthesis. Furthermore, THX degradation involved ring opening, nitrate reduction, de-chlorination, and N-dealkylation; molecular dynamics simulations revealed THX stably binding (32.38 kcal/mol) to CYP450′s active site and primary degradation via hydroxylation and de-chlorination. Ecotoxicity assessments show desmethyl and urea metabolites are more toxic to non-target organisms and humans than the parent compound. This study elucidates THX removal mechanisms and environmental fate, highlighting cyanobacteria’s potential in bioremediation for agricultural wastewater.

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新发现的蓝细菌Nostoc sp. PCC7120高效生物降解噻虫嗪：光合作用响应、酶策略和分子机制

农业扩张导致水和土壤中新烟碱类杀虫剂的积累，而水和土壤是广泛存在的蓝藻的栖息地。然而，蓝藻与新烟碱的相互作用机制尚不清楚。本研究首先探讨了Nostoc sp. PCC7120对噻虫嗪（THX）的生物降解，阐明了细胞色素P450 （CYP450）介导的THX代谢。Nostoc sp. PCC7120主要通过生物降解在6天内完全去除THX（75%）。虽然THX刺激细胞生长，但证据（破坏类囊体膜、降低电子传递效率、减少光合色素和改变关键基因表达）表明它会破坏光合作用。此外，THX的降解包括开环、硝酸盐还原、脱氯和n -脱烷基；分子动力学模拟表明THX稳定结合（32.38 kcal/mol）到CYP450的活性位点，并通过羟基化和脱氯作用进行初级降解。生态毒性评估表明，与母体化合物相比，去甲基和尿素代谢物对非目标生物和人类的毒性更大。本研究阐明了THX的去除机制和环境命运，强调了蓝藻在农业废水生物修复中的潜力。

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来源期刊

Bioresource Technology 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

19.30%

发文量

2013

审稿时长

12 days

期刊介绍： Bioresource Technology publishes original articles, review articles, case studies, and short communications covering the fundamentals, applications, and management of bioresource technology. The journal seeks to advance and disseminate knowledge across various areas related to biomass, biological waste treatment, bioenergy, biotransformations, bioresource systems analysis, and associated conversion or production technologies. Topics include: • Biofuels: liquid and gaseous biofuels production, modeling and economics • Bioprocesses and bioproducts: biocatalysis and fermentations • Biomass and feedstocks utilization: bioconversion of agro-industrial residues • Environmental protection: biological waste treatment • Thermochemical conversion of biomass: combustion, pyrolysis, gasification, catalysis.