Potential risk genotypes associated with symptoms of pesticide poisoning based on polymorphisms in the XRCC1 (rs25487 and rs1799782), SOD2 (rs4880), PON1 (rs662) and GSTP1 (rs1695) genes, in farmers in the Cienega region.
Carlos Alfonso Flores Gutiérrez, Erandis Dheni Torres Sánchez, Emmanuel Reyes Uribe, Irán Cortes Trujillo, Gabriela Martínez Cortés, Marco Antonio Hernández Bedolla, Joel Salazar Flores
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Abstract
The variants in the genes involved in the defense mechanisms against pesticide poisoning could be the cause to develop symptoms of poisoning with these substances. In this work, we analyzed polymorphisms in genes that defend against pesticide poisoning in 112 farmers from the Cienega region of Jalisco. We genotyped the variants rs25487 and rs1799782 of the XRCC1 gene, rs28360135 of the XRCC4 gene, rs4880 of the SOD2 gene and rs662 and rs1695 of the PON1 and GSTP1 genes, respectively. For rs25487 (AA vs AG; p = 0.045), significance was found with heart palpitations, rs1799782 with salivation (CC vs CT; p = 0.038), rs4880 with sweating (TT+TC vs CC; p = 0.026; TC vs CC; p = 0.034) and rs662 with cough (AA vs AG+GG; p = 0.001; AA vs AG; p = 0.006; AA vs GG; p = 0.027) and salivation (AG vs GG; p = 0.037). Furthermore, the variant rs1799782 found significance with carbamates (p = 0.049) and pyrethroids (p = 0.015), as well as the TT versus TC+CC (p = 0.043) and TT versus TC (p = 0.034) genotypes of rs4880 with carbamates. Finally, AA+AG versus GG (p = 0.039) and AG versus GG (p = 0.025) genotypes of the rs1695 polymorphism were also significant with carbamates. Except for the XRCC4 rs28360135 and GSTP1 rs1695 variants, the rest of the polymorphisms showed significance with symptoms of acute poisoning. The presence of XRCC1 (rs1799782), SOD2 (rs4880) and GSTP1 (rs1695) variants may be risk factors for carbamate and pyrethroid poisoning.
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