The Role of State Policy in Addressing Cancer Trends: A Case Study from the Akmola Region.

IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Nariman Yermek, Ane Tynyshbayeva, Zarina Bilyalova, Dulat Turebayev, Gulnur Igissinova, Rustem Moldagali, Karina Kozhakhmet, Kulsara Rustemova, Zhansaya Telmanova, Ivan Shishkin, Nurbek Igissin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Cancer is a major public health challenge in Kazakhstan, with significant regional disparities in incidence and access to care. The Akmola Region faces socioeconomic and healthcare barriers affecting oncology outcomes. We examined the role of state policy in addressing cancer trends and proposed evidence-based interventions.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive and analytical study was conducted using cancer incidence data from 2009 to 2023, obtained from the Ministry of Health of Kazakhstan. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) were calculated using the WHO guidelines. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied to assess trends. Social factors, including income and access to care, influenced cancer rates. Rural areas faced notable disparities in oncology services.

Results: Over 15 years, 26,625 new cancer cases were recorded, with 48.9% in men and 51.1% in women. The most prevalent cancers were breast (11.8%), colorectal (9.5%), and gastric (8.8%). A decline in cancer incidence occurred in 2020, likely due to healthcare service disruptions during COVID-19. Social factors like income and care access shaped cancer rates. Rural areas faced notable disparities.

Conclusion: Strengthening state policies is crucial for reducing the cancer burden. Recommendations include expanding screening programs, improving healthcare infrastructure, and addressing regional inequalities through intersectoral collaboration. Implementing evidence-based strategies and integrating global best practices can enhance oncology care and reduce disparities.

国家政策在应对癌症趋势中的作用:来自阿克莫拉地区的案例研究。
背景:癌症是哈萨克斯坦的一项重大公共卫生挑战,在发病率和获得治疗方面存在显著的区域差异。阿克莫拉地区面临影响肿瘤预后的社会经济和保健障碍。我们研究了国家政策在应对癌症趋势方面的作用,并提出了基于证据的干预措施。方法:采用哈萨克斯坦卫生部2009 - 2023年癌症发病率数据进行回顾性描述性和分析性研究。年龄标准化率(ASRs)采用世卫组织指南计算。采用联合点回归分析评估趋势。包括收入和获得保健在内的社会因素影响着癌症发病率。农村地区在肿瘤服务方面存在显著差异。结果:在15年中,记录了26,625例新发癌症病例,其中男性48.9%,女性51.1%。最常见的癌症是乳腺癌(11.8%)、结直肠癌(9.5%)和胃癌(8.8%)。2020年癌症发病率下降,可能是由于COVID-19期间医疗服务中断。收入和医疗服务等社会因素影响了癌症发病率。农村地区存在明显的差异。结论:加强国家政策对减轻癌症负担至关重要。建议包括扩大筛查规划、改善卫生保健基础设施以及通过部门间合作解决区域不平等问题。实施循证战略和整合全球最佳做法可以加强肿瘤护理并减少差距。
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来源期刊
Iranian Journal of Public Health
Iranian Journal of Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
7.10%
发文量
300
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Iranian Journal of Public Health has been continuously published since 1971, as the only Journal in all health domains, with wide distribution (including WHO in Geneva and Cairo) in two languages (English and Persian). From 2001 issue, the Journal is published only in English language. During the last 41 years more than 2000 scientific research papers, results of health activities, surveys and services, have been published in this Journal. To meet the increasing demand of respected researchers, as of January 2012, the Journal is published monthly. I wish this will assist to promote the level of global knowledge. The main topics that the Journal would welcome are: Bioethics, Disaster and Health, Entomology, Epidemiology, Health and Environment, Health Economics, Health Services, Immunology, Medical Genetics, Mental Health, Microbiology, Nutrition and Food Safety, Occupational Health, Oral Health. We would be very delighted to receive your Original papers, Review Articles, Short communications, Case reports and Scientific Letters to the Editor on the above men­tioned research areas.
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