Body mass index mediates the relationship between depression and triglyceride levels: Evidence from a large national cohort

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Journal of affective disorders Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2025.119889

Bhaavyaa B. Shah , Michael L. Thomas , Michael J. McCarthy , Alejandro D. Meruelo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is linked to adverse metabolic outcomes, including elevated triglycerides and body mass index (BMI). However, mechanisms underlying this relationship—and their variation by age or sex—remain unclear.

Methods

Using data from over 200,000 participants in the All of Us Research Program, we examined associations between MDD (defined by SNOMED-coded diagnoses), BMI, and lipid biomarkers (triglycerides, HDL, LDL). Causal mediation analyses tested whether BMI mediated the MDD–triglyceride relationship, adjusting for age, sex, and alcohol intake. Sex differences and age-stratified effects (ages 25, 45, 65) were also explored.

Results

Individuals with MDD had higher BMI and triglyceride levels than those without (BMI SMD = 0.234; triglycerides SMD = 0.195; both p < 0.001). BMI significantly mediated the MDD–triglyceride association (ACME = 5.46, 95 % CI [2.95, 8.17], p < 0.001), accounting for 34.1 % of the total effect. The direct effect was not statistically significant (ADE = 10.55, p = 0.084). Mediation effects were consistent across sexes. Stronger mediation was observed at older ages (e.g., ACME = 6.07 at age 65, p < 0.001) but not at younger ages (e.g., ACME = 5.09 at age 25, p = 0.076). Multiple imputation analyses confirmed these findings (ACME = 3.71, 95 % CI [3.09, 4.33], p < 0.001; proportion mediated = 24.9 %). HDL and LDL levels differed modestly by MDD status.

Conclusions

BMI partially mediates the relationship between MDD and triglycerides, particularly in older adults. These results support integrating metabolic risk management into mental health care.

Abstract Image

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体重指数介导抑郁和甘油三酯水平之间的关系：来自大型国家队列的证据。

背景：重度抑郁症（MDD）与不良代谢结果相关，包括甘油三酯和体重指数（BMI）升高。然而，这种关系背后的机制——以及它们随年龄或性别的变化——仍不清楚。方法：使用来自我们所有人研究计划的200,000多名参与者的数据，我们检查了MDD（由somed编码诊断定义），BMI和脂质生物标志物（甘油三酯，HDL， LDL）之间的关联。因果中介分析测试了BMI是否介导了mdd -甘油三酯的关系，调整了年龄、性别和酒精摄入量。性别差异和年龄分层效应（25岁，45岁，65岁）也进行了探讨。结果：重度抑郁症患者的BMI和甘油三酯水平高于无重度抑郁症患者(BMI SMD = 0.234；甘油三酯SMD = 0.195;结论：BMI在一定程度上介导了重度抑郁症和甘油三酯之间的关系，尤其是在老年人中。这些结果支持将代谢风险管理纳入精神卫生保健。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of affective disorders 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

6.10%

发文量

1319

审稿时长

9.3 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Affective Disorders publishes papers concerned with affective disorders in the widest sense: depression, mania, mood spectrum, emotions and personality, anxiety and stress. It is interdisciplinary and aims to bring together different approaches for a diverse readership. Top quality papers will be accepted dealing with any aspect of affective disorders, including neuroimaging, cognitive neurosciences, genetics, molecular biology, experimental and clinical neurosciences, pharmacology, neuroimmunoendocrinology, intervention and treatment trials.