Does the development of the service outsourcing industry enhance green product exports? Quasi-natural experimental evidence from China

IF 13.6 2区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Energy Economics Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI:10.1016/j.eneco.2025.108727

Wenjing Liang , Weihua Yu , Xin Yao

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Abstract

This paper considers the establishment of service outsourcing demonstration cities in China as a quasi-natural experiment, employing firm data from national tax survey data and Customs Database to investigate the impact of high-end services development in developing countries on the scale of green product exports. The results of the Heckman two-stage model indicate that the development of the service outsourcing industry not only increases the probability of green product exports by manufacturing firms but also significantly enhances the growth of green product exports. This positive effect is primarily attributed to the agglomeration of regional service sectors, enhancements in firms' green innovation capabilities, and upgrades in green product quality. The heterogeneity analysis reveals a stronger impact of service outsourcing demonstration city development in smaller cities, cities with stricter environmental regulations, larger enterprises, and foreign-invested firms. Further analysis using more granular firm-product-level data indicates that the impact of service outsourcing demonstration cities on green product exports varies across different production stages and trade modes. This study provides valuable insights for developing countries to enhance their green international competitiveness given the global division of labor and rising green trade barriers.

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服务外包产业的发展是否促进了绿色产品的出口？来自中国的准自然实验证据

本文将中国服务外包示范城市的建立作为一种准自然实验，利用全国税务调查数据和海关数据库中的企业数据，考察发展中国家高端服务业发展对绿色产品出口规模的影响。Heckman两阶段模型的结果表明，服务外包产业的发展不仅增加了制造业企业绿色产品出口的概率，而且显著促进了绿色产品出口的增长。这种正向效应主要是由于区域服务业集聚、企业绿色创新能力增强和绿色产品质量提升所致。异质性分析表明，服务外包示范城市发展对规模较小的城市、环境规制较严的城市、规模较大的企业和外资企业的影响更大。利用更细粒度的企业-产品层面数据进一步分析表明，服务外包示范城市对绿色产品出口的影响在不同的生产阶段和贸易模式中存在差异。本研究为发展中国家在全球分工和绿色贸易壁垒上升的背景下提高绿色国际竞争力提供了有价值的见解。

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来源期刊

Energy Economics ECONOMICS-

CiteScore

18.60

自引率

12.50%

发文量

524

期刊介绍： Energy Economics is a field journal that focuses on energy economics and energy finance. It covers various themes including the exploitation, conversion, and use of energy, markets for energy commodities and derivatives, regulation and taxation, forecasting, environment and climate, international trade, development, and monetary policy. The journal welcomes contributions that utilize diverse methods such as experiments, surveys, econometrics, decomposition, simulation models, equilibrium models, optimization models, and analytical models. It publishes a combination of papers employing different methods to explore a wide range of topics. The journal's replication policy encourages the submission of replication studies, wherein researchers reproduce and extend the key results of original studies while explaining any differences. Energy Economics is indexed and abstracted in several databases including Environmental Abstracts, Fuel and Energy Abstracts, Social Sciences Citation Index, GEOBASE, Social & Behavioral Sciences, Journal of Economic Literature, INSPEC, and more.