Kun Jiang , Zehua Cao , Xin Li , Yang Li , Ziwei Li , Ziyang Li , Zheng Liang , Pengzhong Lu , Kaifeng Shen , Kaiyang Wang , Yan Wang , Xin Wu , Cheng Li , Zebo Tang
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Muon detectors make the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) very efficient in distinguishing gamma-ray-induced extensive air showers from those induced by cosmic rays. A total of 1188 8-inch photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), CR365-02-2 from Beijing Hamamatsu Photon Techniques Inc. (BHP), are used for the Muon Detectors of LHAASO. These PMTs must have a high dynamic range, from single photoelectron to bunches of photoelectrons, with an equivalent anode peak current of up to 1600 mA. Before deployment, each PMT was tested in the laboratory to determine various parameters, including working voltage, single photoelectron spectrum, quantum efficiency, transit time spread, dark count rate, afterpulse rate, anode-to-dynode amplitude ratio, and linearity. In this paper, the PMT batch test system and the test results of 1,275 PMTs are presented. Of the 1275 PMTs tested, 162 (12.7%) failed to meet the specification requirements, primarily due to issues with the dynamic range.
期刊介绍:
Section A of Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research publishes papers on design, manufacturing and performance of scientific instruments with an emphasis on large scale facilities. This includes the development of particle accelerators, ion sources, beam transport systems and target arrangements as well as the use of secondary phenomena such as synchrotron radiation and free electron lasers. It also includes all types of instrumentation for the detection and spectrometry of radiations from high energy processes and nuclear decays, as well as instrumentation for experiments at nuclear reactors. Specialized electronics for nuclear and other types of spectrometry as well as computerization of measurements and control systems in this area also find their place in the A section.
Theoretical as well as experimental papers are accepted.