Asthma remission: A path to cure?

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by variable respiratory symptoms and reversible airflow limitation. Despite significant advances in pharmacologic and immunotherapeutic treatment, definitive remission or cure remains elusive. Asthma remission is defined as a sustained absence of symptoms, exacerbations, and lung function decline, with or without ongoing therapy. In contrast, an asthma cure implies permanent disease eradication marked by lifelong symptom resolution, no need for maintenance or rescue medication, preserved lung function, and absence of airway inflammation. To date, no intervention has been proven to cure asthma. Consequently, clinical remission has emerged as a more achievable and meaningful goal in asthma management. This review summarizes recent findings on remission rates, key factors influencing asthma remission, and the impact of various therapeutic strategies-including immunotherapy and advanced biologics. We also highlight evidence underscoring the foundational role of comprehensive asthma care. Asthma should be managed within the context of a unified allergic airway disease; thus, systematic identification and treatment of coexisting conditions such as allergic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps is essential, as they often exacerbate lower airway symptoms. Routine nasal irrigation, environmental control measures, and attention to modifiable lifestyle factors-such as sleep hygiene, physical activity, and weight management-are critical. When consistently implemented, these holistic approaches may significantly improve disease control and support the achievement of clinical remission. Achieving a cure for asthma remains the ultimate goal, necessitating a long-term commitment and strategically designed basic and clinical research to determine its viability.