Safety of Live Attenuated ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR Vaccination in Sows With Advanced Pregnancies

IF 3 2区农林科学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Pub Date : 2025-07-13 DOI:10.1155/tbed/8007143

Su Jin Lee, Yeonji Kim, Sun A. Choi, Keun Seung Ahn, Se Young Lee, Xinghua Zheng, Do Soon Kim, Wonjun Kim, Yongwoo Shin, So-Jeong Kim, Sua Choi, Dongseob Tark, Seong Cheol Moon, Weonhwa Jheong, Jung Hyang Sur

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Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) causes severe disease in domestic pigs and wild boars and often results in 100% mortality. The use of attenuated strains in ASF vaccine development, based on the most recently studied ASF virus (ASFV)-Georgia (ASFV-G) strain, has proven effective. In July 2023, Vietnam became the first country in the world to have two indigenously developed ASF vaccines approved for commercial sale locally. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of the live attenuated vaccine (LAV) ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR derived from ASFV-G-ΔI177L in five pregnant sows and a control group. The ASFV-G-ΔI177L replicates efficiently in a stable swine cell line. Therefore, the pregnant sows were used to validate the vaccine. Fundamental assessments of clinical symptoms (vaccine safety), parturition performance, vertical transmission presence after birth, and maternal antibodies were conducted before and after colostrum intake following the vaccination with ASF-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR. The vaccination had no adverse effects and induced a high level of antibody production. Normal delivery was also confirmed without miscarriages. Furthermore, ASF antibodies and the P72 gene were detected in the blood of most piglets that consumed colostrum from vaccinated sows, and transplacental transmission was confirmed in piglets following vaccination. While these results will influence vaccine development and play an important role in preventing lethal ASFV infections, they also highlight the potential of ASFV-G-ΔI177L/ΔLVR to protect even high-risk groups such as pregnant sows and emphasize the importance of continued vigilance and investigation of vaccine safety parameters such as viral shedding, genetic stability, and reproductive efficacy.

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晚期妊娠母猪接种ASFV-G减毒活疫苗的安全性-ΔI177L/ΔLVR

非洲猪瘟（ASF）在家猪和野猪中引起严重疾病，通常导致100%的死亡率。根据最近研究的非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)-格鲁吉亚（ASFV- g）毒株，在非洲猪瘟疫苗开发中使用减毒毒株已被证明是有效的。2023年7月，越南成为世界上第一个拥有两种本土开发的非洲猪瘟疫苗获准在当地商业销售的国家。在这项研究中，我们在5头妊娠母猪和一个对照组中评估了从ASFV-G-ΔI177L衍生的ASFV-G减毒活疫苗(LAV) -ΔI177L/ΔLVR的免疫原性和安全性。ASFV-G-ΔI177L在稳定的猪细胞系中有效复制。因此，用怀孕母猪来验证疫苗。接种ASF-G疫苗后，在初乳摄入前后对临床症状（疫苗安全性）、分娩表现、出生后是否存在垂直传播和母体抗体进行基本评估-ΔI177L/ΔLVR。疫苗接种没有不良反应，并诱导了高水平的抗体产生。正常分娩也被证实没有流产。此外，在大多数食用疫苗母猪初乳的仔猪血液中检测到ASF抗体和P72基因，并证实疫苗接种后仔猪经胎盘传播。虽然这些结果将影响疫苗的开发并在预防致命的ASFV感染中发挥重要作用，但它们也强调了ASFV- g -ΔI177L/ΔLVR甚至可以保护高危群体，如妊娠母猪，并强调了继续警惕和调查疫苗安全参数（如病毒脱落、遗传稳定性和生殖功效）的重要性。

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来源期刊

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 农林科学-传染病学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

9.30%

发文量

350

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Transboundary and Emerging Diseases brings together in one place the latest research on infectious diseases considered to hold the greatest economic threat to animals and humans worldwide. The journal provides a venue for global research on their diagnosis, prevention and management, and for papers on public health, pathogenesis, epidemiology, statistical modeling, diagnostics, biosecurity issues, genomics, vaccine development and rapid communication of new outbreaks. Papers should include timely research approaches using state-of-the-art technologies. The editors encourage papers adopting a science-based approach on socio-economic and environmental factors influencing the management of the bio-security threat posed by these diseases, including risk analysis and disease spread modeling. Preference will be given to communications focusing on novel science-based approaches to controlling transboundary and emerging diseases. The following topics are generally considered out-of-scope, but decisions are made on a case-by-case basis (for example, studies on cryptic wildlife populations, and those on potential species extinctions): Pathogen discovery: a common pathogen newly recognised in a specific country, or a new pathogen or genetic sequence for which there is little context about — or insights regarding — its emergence or spread. Prevalence estimation surveys and risk factor studies based on survey (rather than longitudinal) methodology, except when such studies are unique. Surveys of knowledge, attitudes and practices are within scope. Diagnostic test development if not accompanied by robust sensitivity and specificity estimation from field studies. Studies focused only on laboratory methods in which relevance to disease emergence and spread is not obvious or can not be inferred (“pure research” type studies). Narrative literature reviews which do not generate new knowledge. Systematic and scoping reviews, and meta-analyses are within scope.