Optical emulation of quantum state tomography and bell test—A novel undergraduate experiment

Q3 Physics and Astronomy

Results in Optics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.rio.2025.100847

Eden Arbel , Noa Israel , Michal Belgorodsky , Yonathan Shafrir , Alona Maslennikov , Sara P. Gandelman , Georgi Gary Rozenman

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Abstract

This paper presents an innovative experiment and theoretical framework designed for senior-level undergraduate students to explore quantum state tomography and Bell inequality tests. The experiment utilizes pulsed laser light and a carefully engineered optical system to emulate quantum entanglement, enabling students to investigate foundational quantum phenomena using accessible laboratory tools. Through practical measurements and simulations, students reconstruct quantum states and analyze correlations indicative of entanglement and non-locality. The setup includes polarization analysis across multiple measurement bases and culminates in the measurement of Bell’s parameter using the CHSH test. By combining experimental emulation with computational analysis, this approach provides a compelling educational bridge between abstract quantum theory and hands-on experiments, highlighting the conceptual and practical relevance of quantum entanglement in modern physics.

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量子态层析成像的光学仿真与贝尔测试——一个新颖的大学生实验

本文提出了一个创新的实验和理论框架，旨在为高年级本科生探索量子态层析成像和贝尔不等式测试。该实验利用脉冲激光和精心设计的光学系统来模拟量子纠缠，使学生能够使用可访问的实验室工具来研究基础量子现象。通过实际测量和模拟，学生重建量子态，并分析表明纠缠和非定域性的相关性。该装置包括跨多个测量基地的极化分析，并在使用CHSH测试测量贝尔参数时达到高潮。通过将实验模拟与计算分析相结合，这种方法在抽象量子理论和动手实验之间提供了一个引人注目的教育桥梁，突出了现代物理学中量子纠缠的概念和实践相关性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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