Distal limb ischemia from jellyfish envenomation: A case report

Abstract

Introduction

This case report presents a rare instance of acute limb ischemia following jellyfish envenomation. Only 16 other documented cases have been reported worldwide.

Case report

Our patient is a 15-year-old male who was stung by a jellyfish while swimming in the sea off Langkawi. Six days after the sting, the patient developed significant numbness and cyanosis in his left hand, with CT angiography confirming compromised blood flow. Initial treatments included analgesics and tetanus prophylaxis. The patient ultimately required intravenous heparin, nitroglycerin, and alprostadil, and he achieved full recovery after three days of treatment. This case, along with the other 16 reported cases, highlights vasospasm and thrombosis as possible key mechanisms for distal limb ischemia secondary to jellyfish envenomation.

Why should an emergency physician be aware of this?

Jellyfish stings are fairly common, and patients may present to the Emergency Department or even primary care facilities. Although uncommon, physicians should be aware of potential complications in order to deliver timely and effective treatment.