Was the Dry Diagonal of South America a Barrier for Dispersing Pteridaceae (Polypodiopsida) Species Between the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Amazon Forest?

IF 3.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Biogeography Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI:10.1111/jbi.15169

Aline Possamai Della, Eric Schuettpelz, Kathryn Picard, Jefferson Prado

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Abstract

Aim

We sought to assess how phylogenetic patterns within the fern family Pteridaceae are related to the history of the Amazon Forest and the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, as well as the Dry Diagonal of South America. The age of taxa present in these regions was estimated, as well as those found in previously identified areas of endemism for the family. We verified whether the Dry Diagonal constitutes a barrier to the dispersal of taxa between the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and the Amazon Forest, and investigated whether the latter domain is a source area of species.

Location

Neotropics, including the Amazon Forest, Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Dry Diagonal.

Taxon

Pteridaceae (Polypodiopsida).

Methods

We compiled rbcL and atpA sequences for all Pteridaceae species available in GenBank and obtained a dated phylogeny using fossil information and secondary calibrations. Using the resulting chronogram, we performed ancestral area reconstructions using BioGeoBEARS.

Results

Species from the Amazon Forest, Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Dry Diagonal tend to originate during the Eocene/Oligocene transition, in the Miocene or the Pleistocene. Vicariance events explain the origin of many of these species; however, dispersal events also played a significant role in the biogeographic history of the group. The areas of endemism of Pteridaceae in Brazil have distinct biogeographic histories. The areas of southeastern Brazil and southeastern Bahia likely originated more recently, driven by Pleistocene climatic changes and habitat specialisations. In contrast, southern Brazil and the Guiana Shield have older taxa, which originated in regions with climatic and (or) geological stability through habitat specialisations.

Main Conclusions

The origin of most species present in the Amazon Forest, Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Dry Diagonal most likely resulted from climatic changes during the Miocene and Pleistocene. The Dry Diagonal does not constitute a barrier to the dispersal of Pteridaceae species, as taxa shared between the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Amazon Forest are common. The Amazon Forest is not the primary source area of species within the global context of the family.

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南美洲干燥的对角线是巴西大西洋森林和亚马逊森林之间蕨类物种扩散的屏障吗？

我们试图评估蕨类科蕨类植物的系统发育模式与亚马逊森林、巴西大西洋森林以及南美洲干对角线的历史之间的关系。估计了这些地区存在的分类群的年龄，以及在先前确定的该科特有地区发现的分类群的年龄。我们验证了干对角线是否构成了巴西大西洋森林和亚马逊森林之间分类群扩散的屏障，并调查了后者是否为物种的源区。新热带地区，包括亚马逊森林，巴西大西洋森林和干对角线。蕨类科（水蛭科）。方法收集GenBank中所有蕨类植物的rbcL和atpA序列，并利用化石资料和二次校正得到其系统发育的年代。利用得到的时序图，我们使用biogeobars进行了祖先区域重建。结果亚马孙林、巴西大西洋林和干对角线的物种倾向于始新世/渐新世过渡时期、中新世或更新世。变异事件解释了许多这些物种的起源；然而，分散事件在该群体的生物地理历史中也发挥了重要作用。蕨类科植物在巴西的特有区具有不同的生物地理历史。巴西东南部和巴伊亚州东南部地区可能是在更新世气候变化和栖息地特殊化的推动下，在更晚的时间里起源的。相比之下，巴西南部和圭亚那地盾有更古老的分类群，它们起源于气候和（或）地质稳定的地区，通过栖息地特殊化。主要结论亚马逊森林、巴西大西洋森林和干对角线地区大部分物种的起源很可能与中新世和更新世的气候变化有关。由于巴西大西洋森林和亚马逊森林之间共享的分类群很常见，干对角线并不构成蕨类物种扩散的障碍。在全球范围内，亚马逊森林并不是物种的主要来源。

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来源期刊

Journal of Biogeography 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

5.10%

发文量

203

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Papers dealing with all aspects of spatial, ecological and historical biogeography are considered for publication in Journal of Biogeography. The mission of the journal is to contribute to the growth and societal relevance of the discipline of biogeography through its role in the dissemination of biogeographical research.