Cognitive performance from infancy to adulthood in Japan from 1998–2001 to 2014–2019: A study using the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Intelligence Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.intell.2025.101937

Hideyo Goma , Shun Tanaka , Toshiki Matsuoka , Hiroyuki Shimizu , Satomi Shimizu , Yui Zen , Emi Adachi , Motoko Ishikawa , Karri Silventoinen

{"title":"Cognitive performance from infancy to adulthood in Japan from 1998–2001 to 2014–2019: A study using the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development","authors":"Hideyo Goma , Shun Tanaka , Toshiki Matsuoka , Hiroyuki Shimizu , Satomi Shimizu , Yui Zen , Emi Adachi , Motoko Ishikawa , Karri Silventoinen","doi":"10.1016/j.intell.2025.101937","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Declines in cognitive performance have been observed in many Western countries in the 21st century, but it is still unclear whether similar declines are occurring in East Asian countries. We examined trends in cognitive performance over a 20-year period in Japan and analyzed how these trends varied from infancy to adulthood and between males and females. Data were collected between 1998 and 2001 (<em>n</em> = 2677; 49 % females) and 2014 and 2019 (<em>n</em> = 3243; 51 % females) using the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development and analyzed using linear regression models. We found that cognitive performance had improved over the years for boys and girls aged 3 to 10 years old, with only minor changes observed at younger and older ages. Girls showed an advantage in cognitive development over boys from 1 to 3 years of age, while boys outperformed girls from 10 years of age into adulthood. We found suggestive evidence of slightly faster improvement in cognitive development over the years in boys compared to girls. These results were roughly similar for general cognitive development, cognitive-adaptive development, and language-social development. These findings suggest that the cognitive performance of Japanese children has continued to improve over the past two decades. Japan provides an example that the decline in cognitive performance observed in many industrialized countries in the 21st century is not inevitable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13862,"journal":{"name":"Intelligence","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 101937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Intelligence","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289625000406","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Declines in cognitive performance have been observed in many Western countries in the 21st century, but it is still unclear whether similar declines are occurring in East Asian countries. We examined trends in cognitive performance over a 20-year period in Japan and analyzed how these trends varied from infancy to adulthood and between males and females. Data were collected between 1998 and 2001 (n = 2677; 49 % females) and 2014 and 2019 (n = 3243; 51 % females) using the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development and analyzed using linear regression models. We found that cognitive performance had improved over the years for boys and girls aged 3 to 10 years old, with only minor changes observed at younger and older ages. Girls showed an advantage in cognitive development over boys from 1 to 3 years of age, while boys outperformed girls from 10 years of age into adulthood. We found suggestive evidence of slightly faster improvement in cognitive development over the years in boys compared to girls. These results were roughly similar for general cognitive development, cognitive-adaptive development, and language-social development. These findings suggest that the cognitive performance of Japanese children has continued to improve over the past two decades. Japan provides an example that the decline in cognitive performance observed in many industrialized countries in the 21st century is not inevitable.

查看原文本刊更多论文

1998-2001年至2014-2019年日本婴儿期至成年期的认知表现：使用京都心理发展量表的研究

在21世纪，许多西方国家都观察到认知能力的下降，但尚不清楚东亚国家是否也出现了类似的下降。我们研究了日本20年来认知表现的趋势，并分析了这些趋势从婴儿期到成年期以及男性和女性之间的变化。数据收集于1998年至2001年(n = 2677；49%女性)以及2014年和2019年(n = 3243；使用京都心理发展量表，并使用线性回归模型进行分析。我们发现，随着时间的推移，3到10岁的男孩和女孩的认知能力有所提高，在更小和更大的年龄只有微小的变化。从1岁到3岁，女孩在认知发展方面比男孩有优势，而从10岁到成年，男孩的表现优于女孩。我们发现了启发性的证据，表明多年来男孩在认知发展方面的改善略快于女孩。这些结果在一般认知发展、认知适应性发展和语言社会发展方面大致相似。这些发现表明，在过去的二十年里，日本儿童的认知能力一直在不断提高。日本提供了一个例子，说明21世纪许多工业化国家的认知能力下降并不是不可避免的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Intelligence PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

13.30%

发文量

审稿时长

69 days

期刊介绍： This unique journal in psychology is devoted to publishing original research and theoretical studies and review papers that substantially contribute to the understanding of intelligence. It provides a new source of significant papers in psychometrics, tests and measurement, and all other empirical and theoretical studies in intelligence and mental retardation.