The promise of cell-based therapies in diabetes: A review of mesenchymal stem cell applications and trials

IF 3 3区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Cong Li , Shaobo Wang , Jie Jiang , Wenjin Fu , Jincheng Zeng
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, presents a major global health burden with rising incidence worldwide. Current therapies often fail to achieve sustained glycemic control or halt disease progression, necessitating innovative strategies that target both metabolic dysfunction and autoimmune mechanisms in diabetes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered significant attention as a multifaceted therapeutic option, owing to their unique dual capabilities: tissue repair (via differentiation potential and paracrine effects) and immunomodulation (through cytokine secretion and immune cell regulation). This review comprehensively examines the therapeutic potential of MSCs in diabetes, covering: (1) mechanistic insights into how MSCs restore pancreatic β-cell function and mitigate insulin resistance; (2) preclinical evidence supporting their efficacy in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes models; and (3) critical analysis of ongoing clinical trials, including routes of administration, safety profiles, and metabolic outcomes. While promising results have been demonstrated in early-phase trials, we also discuss key challenges such as cell survival, standardization of protocols, and long-term therapeutic durability. By bridging current knowledge gaps with clinical translation needs, this review aims to provide a balanced perspective on MSC-based therapies for diabetes.
细胞治疗糖尿病的前景:间充质干细胞的应用和试验综述
糖尿病以慢性高血糖为特征,是全球主要的健康负担,全球发病率不断上升。目前的治疗方法往往无法实现持续的血糖控制或阻止疾病进展,因此需要针对糖尿病代谢功能障碍和自身免疫机制的创新策略。间充质干细胞(MSCs)由于其独特的双重功能:组织修复(通过分化潜能和旁分泌作用)和免疫调节(通过细胞因子分泌和免疫细胞调节),作为一种多方面的治疗选择已经引起了广泛的关注。本文综述了MSCs在糖尿病中的治疗潜力,包括:(1)MSCs如何恢复胰腺β细胞功能和减轻胰岛素抵抗的机制见解;(2)临床前证据支持其对1型和2型糖尿病模型的疗效;(3)对正在进行的临床试验进行批判性分析,包括给药途径、安全性概况和代谢结果。虽然在早期试验中已经证明了有希望的结果,但我们也讨论了诸如细胞存活、方案标准化和长期治疗持久性等关键挑战。通过弥合目前的知识差距和临床翻译需求,本综述旨在为基于msc的糖尿病治疗提供一个平衡的视角。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biochimie
Biochimie 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
2.60%
发文量
219
审稿时长
40 days
期刊介绍: Biochimie publishes original research articles, short communications, review articles, graphical reviews, mini-reviews, and hypotheses in the broad areas of biology, including biochemistry, enzymology, molecular and cell biology, metabolic regulation, genetics, immunology, microbiology, structural biology, genomics, proteomics, and molecular mechanisms of disease. Biochimie publishes exclusively in English. Articles are subject to peer review, and must satisfy the requirements of originality, high scientific integrity and general interest to a broad range of readers. Submissions that are judged to be of sound scientific and technical quality but do not fully satisfy the requirements for publication in Biochimie may benefit from a transfer service to a more suitable journal within the same subject area.
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