Exploring the impact of diet, sleep, and metabolomic pathways on Glaucoma subtypes: insights from Mendelian randomization and cross-sectional analyses.

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI:10.1186/s12986-025-00967-4

Zhang Shengnan, Wang Tao, Zhang Yanan, Sun Chao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness, influenced by systemic and lifestyle factors. This study investigates the causal relationships between dietary habits, sleep traits, amino acids, metabolites, and inflammatory factors with glaucoma subtypes using Mendelian randomization (MR) and validates findings through cross-sectional analysis.

Methods: MR analysis assessed the causal effects of 226 dietary factors, 11 sleep traits, 20 amino acids, 1400 metabolites, and 91 inflammatory factors on five glaucoma subtypes (NTG, POAG, PACG, NVG, XFG). Mediation MR analysis explored the role of amino acids and inflammatory factors in these relationships. Validation was conducted using NHANES cross-sectional data.

Results: High-fat, high-calorie diets increased glaucoma risk, while antioxidant-rich foods and better sleep quality reduced it. Key mediators included proline, tyrosine, IL-1 A, and PDL1. NHANES data confirmed lower intake of vitamins A and C, higher water consumption among glaucoma patients, and significant sleep-related associations.

Conclusion: Our findings highlight the role of balanced diets and optimized sleep patterns in glaucoma prevention and management. This study provides evidence for targeted lifestyle interventions focusing on metabolic and inflammatory pathways to mitigate glaucoma risk.

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探索饮食、睡眠和代谢组学途径对青光眼亚型的影响：来自孟德尔随机化和横断面分析的见解

背景：青光眼是不可逆性失明的主要原因，受全身和生活方式因素的影响。本研究采用孟德尔随机化（Mendelian randomization， MR）研究饮食习惯、睡眠特征、氨基酸、代谢物和炎症因子与青光眼亚型之间的因果关系，并通过横断面分析验证研究结果。方法：磁共振分析226种饮食因素、11种睡眠特征、20种氨基酸、1400种代谢物和91种炎症因子对5种青光眼亚型（NTG、POAG、PACG、NVG、XFG）的因果影响。调解磁共振分析探讨了氨基酸和炎症因子在这些关系中的作用。采用NHANES横截面数据进行验证。结果：高脂肪、高热量的饮食会增加青光眼的风险，而富含抗氧化剂的食物和良好的睡眠质量会降低这种风险。关键介质包括脯氨酸、酪氨酸、il - 1a和PDL1。NHANES的数据证实，青光眼患者维生素A和C的摄入量较低，水的摄入量较高，并且与睡眠有显著的关联。结论：我们的研究结果强调了均衡饮食和优化睡眠模式在青光眼预防和治疗中的作用。这项研究为有针对性的生活方式干预提供了证据，重点关注代谢和炎症途径，以降低青光眼的风险。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition & Metabolism 医学-营养学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition & Metabolism publishes studies with a clear focus on nutrition and metabolism with applications ranging from nutrition needs, exercise physiology, clinical and population studies, as well as the underlying mechanisms in these aspects. The areas of interest for Nutrition & Metabolism encompass studies in molecular nutrition in the context of obesity, diabetes, lipedemias, metabolic syndrome and exercise physiology. Manuscripts related to molecular, cellular and human metabolism, nutrient sensing and nutrient–gene interactions are also in interest, as are submissions that have employed new and innovative strategies like metabolomics/lipidomics or other omic-based biomarkers to predict nutritional status and metabolic diseases. Key areas we wish to encourage submissions from include: -how diet and specific nutrients interact with genes, proteins or metabolites to influence metabolic phenotypes and disease outcomes; -the role of epigenetic factors and the microbiome in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases and their influence on metabolic responses to diet and food components; -how diet and other environmental factors affect epigenetics and microbiota; the extent to which genetic and nongenetic factors modify personal metabolic responses to diet and food compositions and the mechanisms involved; -how specific biologic networks and nutrient sensing mechanisms attribute to metabolic variability.