Hierarchical Poromechanical Approach to Investigate the Impact of Mechanical Loading on Human Skin Micro-Circulation

IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Thomas Lavigne, Stéphane Urcun, Bérengère Fromy, Audrey Josset-Lamaugarny, Alexandre Lagache, Camilo A. Suarez-Afanador, Stéphane P. A. Bordas, Pierre-Yves Rohan, Giuseppe Sciumè
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Abstract

Extensive research on human skin anatomy has revealed that the skin functions as a complex multi-scale and multi-phase system, containing up to 70% of bounded and free circulating water. The presence of moving fluids significantly influences the mechanical and biological responses of the skin, affecting its time-dependent behavior and the transport of essential nutrients and oxygen to cells. Poroelastic modeling emerges as a promising approach to investigate biologically relevant phenomena at finer scales while embedding crucial mechanisms at larger scales as it facilitates the integration of multi-scale and multi-physics processes. Despite extensive use of poromechanics in other tissues, no hierarchical multi-compartment porous model that incorporates blood supply has yet been experimentally evaluated to simulate the in vivo mechanical and micro-circulatory response of human skin. This paper introduces a hierarchical two-compartment model that accounts for fluid distribution within the interstitium and the micro-circulation of blood. A general theoretical framework, which includes a biphasic interstitium (comprising interstitial fluid and non-structural cells), is formulated and studied through a one-dimensional consolidation test of a 100 μm column. The inclusion of a biphasic interstitium allows the model to account separately for the motion of cells and interstitial fluid, recognising their differing characteristic times. An extension of the model to include biological exchanges such as oxygen transport is discussed in the appendix. The preliminary evaluation demonstrated that cell viscosity introduces a second characteristic time beyond that of interstitial fluid movement. However, at high cell viscosity values and short time scales, cells exhibit behavior akin to that of solid materials. Based on these observations, a simplified version of the model was used to replicate an experimental campaign carried out on short time scales. Local pressure (up to 31 kPa) was applied to the skin of the dorsal face of the middle finger through a laser Doppler probe PF801 (Perimed Sweden) attached to an apparatus as previously described (Fromy Brain Res 1998). The model demonstrated its qualitative ability to represent both ischaemia and post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia, aligning with experimental observations. All numerical simulations were performed using the open source software FEniCSx v0.9.0. To promote transparency and reproducibility, the anonymized experimental data and the corresponding finite element codes are publicly available on GitHub.

Abstract Image

分层孔隙力学方法研究机械负荷对人体皮肤微循环的影响
对人体皮肤解剖的广泛研究表明,皮肤是一个复杂的多尺度、多相系统,含有高达70%的有界和自由循环水。流动液体的存在显著影响皮肤的机械和生物反应,影响其时间依赖性行为以及必需营养物质和氧气向细胞的运输。孔隙弹性建模是一种很有前途的方法,可以在更精细的尺度上研究生物学相关现象,同时在更大的尺度上嵌入关键机制,因为它有助于多尺度和多物理过程的整合。尽管孔隙力学在其他组织中得到了广泛的应用,但目前还没有实验评估包含血液供应的分层多室多孔模型来模拟人体皮肤的体内机械和微循环反应。本文介绍了一种分层双室模型,该模型考虑了间质内的流体分布和血液的微循环。通过100 μm柱的一维固结试验,建立并研究了包括双相间质(由间质流体和非结构细胞组成)在内的一般理论框架。双相间质的包含允许模型分别考虑细胞和间质液的运动,认识到它们不同的特征时间。在附录中讨论了该模型的扩展,以包括生物交换,如氧运输。初步评价表明,细胞黏度在间隙液运动时间之外引入了第二个特征时间。然而,在高细胞粘度值和短时间尺度下,细胞表现出类似于固体材料的行为。基于这些观察,该模型的简化版本被用于在短时间尺度上复制实验活动。通过PF801激光多普勒探头(Perimed Sweden)连接到先前描述的设备(Fromy Brain Res 1998),对中指背侧皮肤施加局部压力(高达31 kPa)。该模型显示其定性能力,既代表缺血和闭塞后反应性充血,与实验观察一致。所有数值模拟均采用开源软件FEniCSx v0.9.0进行。为了提高透明度和可重复性,匿名实验数据和相应的有限元代码在GitHub上公开提供。
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来源期刊
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL-MATHEMATICAL & COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
9.50%
发文量
103
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: All differential equation based models for biomedical applications and their novel solutions (using either established numerical methods such as finite difference, finite element and finite volume methods or new numerical methods) are within the scope of this journal. Manuscripts with experimental and analytical themes are also welcome if a component of the paper deals with numerical methods. Special cases that may not involve differential equations such as image processing, meshing and artificial intelligence are within the scope. Any research that is broadly linked to the wellbeing of the human body, either directly or indirectly, is also within the scope of this journal.
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