Near infrared light driven nanocatalyst with hole-mediated GSH-depletion for augmented memory therapy†

Abstract

Photocatalytic therapy holds promise as a non-invasive approach for tumor treatment and is currently under active development. However, its effectiveness relies on continuous laser radiation, which can limit its practical application. To overcome this challenge, we designed a novel composite photocatalyst composed of SnO₂ nanoparticles strategically decorated on Cu₂O nanospheres. This unique design creates a p–n heterojunction that serves as a robust driving force for photogenerated electrons and holes under 808 nm laser illumination. This enhanced photocatalytic activity results in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depletion of glutathione (GSH), further augmenting the anti-tumor effect. It is noteworthy that the Cu₂O@SnO₂ nanocatalyst exhibits remarkable “memory” of photocatalytic activity, ensuring effective tumor treatment even after the laser is stopped. This study offers a promising approach for sustained tumor treatment, even after the laser radiation has been stopped.