Current insight into HIV-1 persistence from single-cell transcriptome profiling in acutely treated cohorts of infection.

IF 4
Lakshmi Rani Iyer, Rasmi Thomas
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Abstract

Purpose of review: Antiretroviral therapy is effective in controlling viral load, but there is immediate rebound of virus when treatment is interrupted. This is due to a reservoir of cells harboring HIV which evades immune surveillance and persists in the host. In this review we discuss research leveraging single-cell transcriptomics to examine single-cells from people living with HIV in vivo that can provide insight into these reservoir cells.

Recent findings: Advancements in the field of multiomics, specifically single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), have enabled the profiling of hundreds of thousands of single cells and characterized the heterogeneity of cells in people with HIV. Studies in cohorts of people treated during acute HIV-1 infection have revealed longitudinal changes in immune responses during early infection, discovered novel restriction and latency factors, and identified markers of the cells with virus and the reservoir size.

Summary: Single-cell transcriptomics is a powerful technology that screens the entire transcriptome of an individual cell. When used strategically to investigate samples from cohorts of acute HIV-1 infection, this unbiased omics tool can shed light on the elusive HIV-1 reservoir and unlock strategies for cure.

目前从急性治疗感染队列的单细胞转录组分析中了解HIV-1持久性。
综述目的:抗逆转录病毒治疗可有效控制病毒载量,但一旦中断治疗,病毒会立即反弹。这是由于一个细胞储存库的艾滋病病毒逃避免疫监视和持续在宿主。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了利用单细胞转录组学来检测体内HIV感染者的单细胞的研究,这些研究可以提供对这些储存库细胞的深入了解。最近的发现:多组学领域的进步,特别是单细胞rna测序(scRNA-seq),已经能够分析成千上万的单细胞,并表征艾滋病毒感染者细胞的异质性。在急性HIV-1感染期间接受治疗的人群中进行的研究揭示了早期感染期间免疫反应的纵向变化,发现了新的限制和潜伏期因素,并确定了带有病毒的细胞标记物和储库大小。摘要:单细胞转录组学是一项强大的技术,可以筛选单个细胞的整个转录组。当策略性地用于调查急性HIV-1感染队列的样本时,这种无偏倚的组学工具可以揭示难以捉摸的HIV-1储存库并解锁治疗策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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