Prevalence and Management of Retinoblastoma. A 10-year Retrospective Analysis from North-Eastern Romania.

Abstract

Introduction: Retinoblastoma is the most common pediatric ocular tumor and the lack of proper genetic testing and case registration represents an important cause for advanced stage disease at initial presentation. Material and Methods: A 10-year retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with retinoblastoma between 2014- 2024 in â??Sf. Spiridonâ? Hospital, Iasi, Romania was performed, focusing on patient gender, age at presentation, Rb clinical stage, growth pattern, histological aspects and treatment type. Results: Unilateral tumors were found in 9/10 patients, one patient having bilateral tumor. Average age was 25.9 months, with 7 male and 3 female patients. All were diagnosed with disease stage E. Enucleation with successful tumor excision was performed in 6/7 cases. Two patients received conservative treatment and one patient was unable to be reached. 42.85% of tumors were classified as grade G2, and 57.15% as G3. 71.42% of cases had optic disc invasion with further nerve invasion in 40%. Uveal invasion was present in 57.14% of cases. Conclusion: This analysis provides insights into treatment options and long-term prognosis for children with retinoblastoma from the north-eastern part of Romania. This analysis highlights the need to enhance screening measures for infants, because of the advanced stage of retinoblastoma at presentation.