Microscopic Polyangiitis With a Twist: A Rare Case of CRAO and Brainstem Infarction

Abstract

Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a rare autoimmune vasculitis of small vessels. It is often linked with ANCA. Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is characterized by sudden, painless vision loss and is typically connected with embolic or inflammatory causes. However, limited literature exists on its association with MPA. This case report uniquely highlights a 50 year old patient diagnosed with MPA exhibiting CRAO and brainstem infarct. The report stresses the importance of early recognition of uncommon vascular manifestations, multidisciplinary diagnostic approaches, and the integration of immunosuppressive therapies for optimal management of systemic vasculitis.