Improving ventilation hygiene in wards for immunocompromised patients: a workflow comparison of traditional and innovative duct cleaning methods

Abstract

Introduction

For a vulnerable hospital population, hospital ventilation systems can pose a risk if not maintained correctly. Dust accumulation in air ducts can create environments that allow fungal spores, such as Aspergillus.spp, to thrive, potentially leading to severe infections like invasive aspergillosis. Our study aimed to develop a safe protocol for cleaning ventilation systems on an active ward in healthcare settings.

Methods

We conducted a comparative evaluation of ventilation duct cleaning in adjacent hospital rooms. In one room, the ducts were accessed from within the room using a traditional brushing method, while in the other room, the ducts were primarily accessed from outside using a novel method including the use of newly developed low speed brushes and point extraction of debris. Air quality was monitored by counting particles every 15 minutes in 100-liter samples using a calibrated air sampler and collecting microbiological specimens before and after the cleaning process.

Results

In-room cleaning caused a significant spike in airborne particles of all sizes, along with a modest increase in Aspergillus spp. spores, which took an hour to return to baseline levels. Conversely, external access for cleaning did not notably impact room air quality.

Conclusion

These findings highlight the risks associated with internal duct cleaning, especially for patients who are vulnerable to airborne fungal infections. External duct access proves to be a safer alternative, ensuring minimal disruption to the air quality in patient care areas. This study supports the necessity of strategic planning in hospital ventilation maintenance to protect vulnerable populations.