Research on extinguishing characteristics of nanocellulose-enhanced short-chain fluorocarbon foams for gasoline pool fires

IF 6.1 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Applied Thermal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.127492

Yawei Lu , Shaolin Liang , Xingyan Cao , Zhirong Wang , Haochen Lu , Yangqing Zhou

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Abstract

The experiment was executed aiming at the combustion characteristics of fuel pool fire and the extinguishing performance of nanocellulose-enhanced short-chain fluorocarbon–hydrocarbon foam fire extinguishing agent. The influence law and mechanism of fuel pool flame characteristics were revealed through changing the fuel pan size, fuel layer thickness and ethanol ratio. Then, the fire extinguishing performance of nanocellulose-enhanced short-chain fluorocarbon–hydrocarbon foam extinguishing agent was investigated on this basis. The results showed that the maximum flame height (H_f _max) increased with the increase of the fuel pan size (from 20 cm to 60 cm) during the stable combustion stage. Both the H_f _max and the average flame height (H_f) increased with the increase of the fuel layer thickness (from 1.6 mm to 12.8 mm), but the increase rate was decreased continuously. With the ethanol content in gasoline increasing from 0 to 30 %, the initial flame height increased, but the flame combustion in the stable combustion stage decreased significantly. The maximum flame temperature increased gradually with the increase of fuel pan size and fuel layer thickness, but showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase of ethanol ratio. The mass loss rate increased gradually with the increase of fuel pan size and fuel layer thickness, but the increase rate slowed down with the increase of fuel layer thickness. Meanwhile, the maximum mass loss rate (MLR_max) and the average mass loss rate (MLR_avg) during stable combustion increased slightly with the increase of ethanol ratio. It was also found that the addition of nanocellulose had a significant effect on the change of temperature field distribution during the fire extinguishing process, and with the increase of nanocellulose concentration, the flame temperature field showed a decreasing trend.

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纳米纤维素增强短链氟碳泡沫对汽油池火灾的灭火特性研究

针对燃料池火灾的燃烧特性和纳米纤维素增强短链氟烃泡沫灭火剂的灭火性能进行了实验研究。通过改变燃油盘尺寸、燃油层厚度和乙醇配比，揭示了燃油池火焰特性的影响规律和机理。在此基础上，研究了纳米纤维素增强短链氟碳烃泡沫灭火剂的灭火性能。结果表明：在稳定燃烧阶段，最大火焰高度（Hf max）随燃油盘尺寸的增加而增加（从20 cm增加到60 cm）；随着燃料层厚度的增加（从1.6 mm增加到12.8 mm）， Hf max和平均火焰高度（Hf）均呈上升趋势，但上升幅度呈下降趋势。随着汽油中乙醇含量从0%增加到30%，初始火焰高度增加，但稳定燃烧阶段的火焰燃烧明显减少。最大火焰温度随燃料盘尺寸和燃料层厚度的增加而逐渐升高，但随乙醇比的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势。质量损失率随燃油盘尺寸和燃油层厚度的增加而逐渐增大，但随燃油层厚度的增加而减慢。同时，随着乙醇比的增加，稳定燃烧时的最大质量损失率（MLRmax）和平均质量损失率（MLRavg）略有增加。研究还发现，纳米纤维素的加入对灭火过程中温度场分布的变化有显著影响，随着纳米纤维素浓度的增加，火焰温度场呈下降趋势。

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来源期刊

Applied Thermal Engineering 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

11.30

自引率

15.60%

发文量

1474

审稿时长

57 days

期刊介绍： Applied Thermal Engineering disseminates novel research related to the design, development and demonstration of components, devices, equipment, technologies and systems involving thermal processes for the production, storage, utilization and conservation of energy, with a focus on engineering application. The journal publishes high-quality and high-impact Original Research Articles, Review Articles, Short Communications and Letters to the Editor on cutting-edge innovations in research, and recent advances or issues of interest to the thermal engineering community.