Cyber victimization and social cohesion: Unraveling correlates of cyberbullying and cyberstalking in Canada

Abstract

This study leverages data from the Canadian General Social Survey, Cycle 34, to explore factors linked to cyberbullying and cyberstalking victimization over the past five years. Using theoretical frameworks such as social cohesion, social support, social disorganization, and routine activities, the research identifies variables associated with increased cyber victimization risk. The findings reveal both parallels and distinctions between cyberspace and physical space in the application of these theories. Higher levels of internet use, experiences of discrimination, concerns about personal safety, fewer close social ties, and unmarried status are linked to greater vulnerability to cyberbullying and cyberstalking. However, neighborhood contexts—such as community social support and collective efficacy—appear unrelated to cyber victimization. This research sheds light on the unique dynamics of cybervictimization and provides critical guidance for policymakers to inform targeted prevention and intervention strategies.