Rapid forensic differentiation of human and animal bones using handheld near-infrared spectroscopy and deep learning

IF 4.6 2区化学 Q1 SPECTROSCOPY

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI:10.1016/j.saa.2025.126657

Klemens Weisleitner , Claudia Wöss , Lukas Kampik , Christian Wolfgang Huck , Rohit Arora , Andrea Brunner , Bettina Zelger , Michael Schirmer , Johannes Dominikus Pallua

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Abstract

The forensic differentiation of human and animal bones is critical in various investigations, mainly when dealing with fragmented skeletal remains. This study explores the practical application of handheld near-infrared spectroscopy combined with artificial neural networks for rapid, non-destructive identification of bone species. 225 femoral bone samples, including human and animal specimens, were analyzed using near-infrared spectrometry. Preprocessed spectral data were classified using binary and multi-class artificial neural networks models, achieving high median accuracy rates of 96.3 % and 77.8 %, respectively. Principal component analysis revealed clustering patterns across species and revealed the influence of post-mortem intervals on human bone spectra. The study demonstrates the practicality of handheld near-infrared devices for on-site forensic applications, offering a portable and efficient alternative to traditional destructive methods and the potential for further refinement of this technology to achieve significant advancements in forensic science, particularly in species determination and post-mortem analyses.

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使用手持式近红外光谱和深度学习快速鉴定人类和动物骨骼

人类和动物骨骼的法医区分在各种调查中至关重要，主要是在处理破碎的骨骼遗骸时。本研究探索手持式近红外光谱结合人工神经网络在骨种快速、无损鉴定中的实际应用。225个股骨样本，包括人类和动物标本，使用近红外光谱分析。采用二元和多类人工神经网络模型对预处理后的光谱数据进行分类，中位准确率分别达到96.3%和77.8%。主成分分析揭示了跨物种的聚类模式，揭示了死后时间间隔对人类骨骼光谱的影响。该研究证明了手持式近红外设备用于现场法医应用的实用性，为传统的破坏性方法提供了一种便携式和高效的替代方案，并有可能进一步改进该技术，以实现法医科学的重大进步，特别是在物种确定和死后分析方面。

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来源期刊

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 物理-光谱学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

11.40%

发文量

1364

审稿时长

40 days

期刊介绍： Spectrochimica Acta, Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy (SAA) is an interdisciplinary journal which spans from basic to applied aspects of optical spectroscopy in chemistry, medicine, biology, and materials science. The journal publishes original scientific papers that feature high-quality spectroscopic data and analysis. From the broad range of optical spectroscopies, the emphasis is on electronic, vibrational or rotational spectra of molecules, rather than on spectroscopy based on magnetic moments. Criteria for publication in SAA are novelty, uniqueness, and outstanding quality. Routine applications of spectroscopic techniques and computational methods are not appropriate. Topics of particular interest of Spectrochimica Acta Part A include, but are not limited to: Spectroscopy and dynamics of bioanalytical, biomedical, environmental, and atmospheric sciences, Novel experimental techniques or instrumentation for molecular spectroscopy, Novel theoretical and computational methods, Novel applications in photochemistry and photobiology, Novel interpretational approaches as well as advances in data analysis based on electronic or vibrational spectroscopy.