Sustainable biomaterials: Sepia prashadi cuttlebone derived phosphorylated chitosan for oral healthcare

Abstract

Phosphorylated chitosan indicate potential as a therapy for dental infections, which can be the underlying cause of many dental problems. This study aims to synthesize and characterize phosphorylated chitosan derived from cuttlebone and investigate the impact of different quantities on the growth inhibition of oral pathogenic agents that cause disorders, including Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, and Candida tropicalis. The chitin as well as chitosan were extracted from a sample of Sepia prashadi using its cuttlebone. The next stage involved phosphorylating chitosan, which resulted in chitosan derivatives. The antimicrobial effects of phosphorylated chitosan were subsequently evaluated with the well diffusion method. Following that, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), were used to analyze and evaluate it. Using the well-diffusion method to test antimicrobial effectiveness, phosphorylated chitosan were found to be an extremely potent antimicrobial substance. This study successfully made phosphorylated chitosan from Sepia prashadi cuttlebone, which were then shown to be effective against bacterial and fungal infections in patients. Quantity strongly influences the antimicrobial activity of phosphorylated chitosan, with higher concentrations demonstrating more effective inhibitory actions. According to these outcomes, chitosan derivatives have promise as a component in medicinal treatments targeting clinical bacteria. The research findings indicate the potential use of Sepia prashadi cuttlebones as a unique biological antimicrobial agent in medicinal applications.