Carbon quantum dots as versatile nanomaterials for improving soil health and plant stress tolerance: a comprehensive review.

IF 3.8 3区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Planta Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI:10.1007/s00425-025-04758-2
Nida Andleeb, Saira Zafar, Zainab Rahim, Muhammad Mubashar Iqbal, Rattan Lal, Muhammad Ansar Farooq
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Main conclusion: This review summarizes the synthesis, purification/separation, and characterization techniques for carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and highlights their versatile applications as low-toxicity, multifunctional nanomaterials with particular focus on improving soil health, plant stress tolerance, and promoting sustainable agriculture. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have recently emerged as highly versatile nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various aspects of CQDs, including their synthesis via both top-down and bottom-up approaches, along with the critical separation and purification techniques required to fully harness their potential. This article highlights the multifaceted roles of both pristine and engineered CQDs in soil and plant systems, with a particular emphasis on soil biochemical processes and different stages of plant life cycle. A special attention has been given to the role of CQDs in enhancing plant tolerance to various biotic and abiotic stresses, such as nutritional imbalance, salinity, drought, heat, and heavy metal stress, with studies showing an improvement in stress tolerance, and considerable increase in seed germination rates when seeds are primed with CQDs. We have also discussed the crucial role of CQDs-mediated gene delivery in plants along with their influence on various soil characteristics. Moreover, the application of CQDs in the detection of agrochemical residues has been discussed with detection sensitivity reported as low as 0.1 µg L-1 for certain pesticides along with their broader utility in environmental remediation, food safety, and therapeutic applications demonstrating their unique properties and multi-functionality for sustainable use. This review also addresses the emerging concerns surrounding the potential toxicity of CQDs, particularly in plants, the food chain, and human health. While most studies report low toxicity at concentration below 100 mg L-1, understanding these risks is important to ensure the safe deployment of CQDs in real-world scenarios. In short, advanced research knowledge is provided as a basis for CQDs future development research toward efficient non-toxic delivery system for sustainable agriculture and other applications.

Highlights: Comprehensive exploration of synthesis methodologies for CQDs. The multifaceted role of CQDs in improving soil health and plant stress tolerance is discussed. Explores the nutritional significance of CQDs-coated fertilizers and their potential to revolutionize agricultural practices. Highlights the diverse application of CQDs in environmental remediation and biomedical field, emphasizing their cross disciplinary impact.

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碳量子点作为改善土壤健康和植物抗逆性的通用纳米材料:综述。
主要结论:本文综述了碳量子点(CQDs)的合成、纯化/分离和表征技术,并重点介绍了其作为低毒性、多功能纳米材料在改善土壤健康、植物抗逆性和促进可持续农业方面的广泛应用。碳量子点(CQDs)是近年来出现的一种具有广泛应用前景的高通用性纳米材料。本文综述了CQDs的各个方面,包括自上而下和自下而上的合成方法,以及充分利用其潜力所需的关键分离和纯化技术。本文强调了原始CQDs和工程CQDs在土壤和植物系统中的多方面作用,特别强调了土壤生化过程和植物生命周期的不同阶段。CQDs在提高植物对各种生物和非生物胁迫(如营养失衡、盐度、干旱、高温和重金属胁迫)的耐受性方面的作用得到了特别的关注,研究表明,当种子被CQDs启动时,植物对胁迫的耐受性得到改善,种子发芽率显著提高。我们还讨论了cqds介导的基因传递在植物中的关键作用及其对各种土壤特性的影响。此外,还讨论了CQDs在农药残留检测中的应用,据报道,某些农药的检测灵敏度低至0.1 μ g L-1,同时CQDs在环境修复、食品安全和治疗应用中具有更广泛的用途,展示了其独特的特性和可持续利用的多功能。本综述还讨论了围绕CQDs的潜在毒性,特别是对植物、食物链和人类健康的潜在毒性的新关注。虽然大多数研究报告浓度低于100 mg L-1时毒性较低,但了解这些风险对于确保在实际情况下安全部署CQDs非常重要。总之,先进的研究知识为CQDs未来的开发研究提供了基础,研究方向是高效无毒的可持续农业输送系统和其他应用。亮点:对CQDs合成方法的全面探索。讨论了CQDs在改善土壤健康和植物抗逆性方面的多方面作用。探讨cqds包膜肥料的营养意义及其对农业实践革命的潜力。重点介绍了CQDs在环境修复和生物医学领域的多样化应用,强调了其跨学科影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Planta
Planta 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
2.30%
发文量
217
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Planta publishes timely and substantial articles on all aspects of plant biology. We welcome original research papers on any plant species. Areas of interest include biochemistry, bioenergy, biotechnology, cell biology, development, ecological and environmental physiology, growth, metabolism, morphogenesis, molecular biology, new methods, physiology, plant-microbe interactions, structural biology, and systems biology.
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