Therapeutic potential of novel tin metal complex of embelin isolated from Embelia ribes fruits.

Abstract

Background: Dried Embelia ribes berries can be used to extract Embelin (2,5-Dihydroxy-3-undecylcyclohexa-2,5-diene -1,4-dione), a herbal p-benzoquinone derived from general quinones. This plant shows potential for scientific study that could provide cutting-edge therapeutic compounds. Prior studies have shown that the molecule's transformation into a complex may have increased its bioactivity. Furthermore, it has been shown that inorganic complexes are more versatile than pure organic molecules, which may improve the ability to target sites that are commonly present in the aquatic ecological environment.

Materials and methods: One of the substances with known activity found in the fruits of Embelia ribes, embelin (2, 5-dihydroxy-3- undecyl-p-benzoquinone), was extracted using chloroform solvent and then separated using column chromatography techniques. An Embelin-Sn complex was created using the purified Embelin. The Embelin-Sn complex was synthesized under simple, appropriate conditions that employed room temperature. Using elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrum analysis, and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, the structure of the Embelin-Sn complex has been ascertained.

Results: The phytochemical embelin isolated from Embelia ribes was used to synthesize Embelin-Sn complex, its characterization studied, and its anticancer potential evaluated using the MTT assay and apoptotic assay on the T-47D breast cancer cell line and antibacterial study by disc diffusion method. Sn complex concentration on breast cancer cells (T-47D cell line) were exposed to varied concentrations for 24 hours, including 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg/ml. This result implies that embelin inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells. The antibacterial property was determined by measuring the disc's inhibitory zone size.

Conclusion: For the first time, an Embelin-Sn complex was synthesized, and it exhibited zone of inhibition against E. coli and dose-dependent administration of Embelin-Sn complex represents a potential novel strategy which can successfully treat the breast cancer.