Global, regional, and national burden of lip and oral cavity cancer and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.

IF 3.2 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI:10.1007/s11096-025-01961-9

Meiling Hu, Hui Chen, Ren Wang, Ruibin Zhang, Jun Yao, Xili Qiu, Jincai Guo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Lip and oral cavity cancer is a significant global health concern, with increasing incidence rates in recent years. Understanding epidemiological trends and their associated risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and management.

Aim: This study aimed to analyze global, regional, and national trends in lip and oral cavity cancer incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021 to assess key risk factors and sociodemographic influences to support clinical pharmacy interventions and improve patient outcomes.

Method: Lip and oral cavity cancer burden was analyzed by location, age, and sex. Joinpoint regression assessed trends, Spearman correlation measured sociodemographic index (SDI) associations, and decomposition analysis quantified population growth, aging, and epidemiological impacts. Cross-country disparities and risk factors were also evaluated.

Results: In 2021, there were 421,577 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 389,879-449,782) new lip and oral cavity cancer cases, 208,379 (95% UI: 191,288-224,162) deaths, and 5,874,070 (95% UI: 5,326,986-6,347,557) DALYs globally, with the highest burden in South Asia. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) increased significantly, while the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate slightly declined. Men and older adults had higher rates, but the increase was more pronounced in women and younger populations. ASIR correlated positively with SDI, while cross-country inequalities persisted, particularly in low-SDI regions. The contribution of tobacco chewing to lip and oral cavity cancer deaths and DALYs slightly increased.

Conclusion: The incidence of lip and oral cavity cancer continues to increase, with a shifting burden on younger individuals and women. Targeted interventions to reduce risk factors and improve access to healthcare are essential for high-risk populations and regions.

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1990年至2021年全球、区域和国家口腔癌负担及其归因风险因素：对2021年全球疾病负担研究的分析

背景：唇和口腔癌是一个重要的全球健康问题，近年来发病率不断上升。了解流行病学趋势及其相关风险因素对于有效预防和管理至关重要。目的：本研究旨在分析1990年至2021年全球、地区和国家口腔癌发病率、死亡率和残疾调整生命年（DALYs）的趋势，以评估关键危险因素和社会人口统计学影响，以支持临床药学干预和改善患者预后。方法：按部位、年龄、性别对唇、口腔肿瘤负担进行分析。结合点回归评估趋势，Spearman相关测量社会人口指数（SDI）关联，分解分析量化人口增长、老龄化和流行病学影响。还评估了跨国差异和风险因素。结果：2021年，全球有421,577例（95%不确定区间[UI]: 389,879-449,782）唇腔癌新发病例，208,379例（95% UI: 191,288-224,162）死亡，5,874,070例（95% UI: 5,326,986-6,347,557） DALYs，南亚负担最高。年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）显著升高，而年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）和年龄标准化DALYs率略有下降。男性和老年人的发病率更高，但女性和年轻人的发病率上升更为明显。ASIR与SDI呈正相关，而跨国不平等仍然存在，特别是在低SDI地区。咀嚼烟草对唇部和口腔癌死亡和伤残调整寿命的贡献略有增加。结论：唇、口腔癌的发病率持续上升，负担向年轻人和女性转移。为减少风险因素和改善获得医疗保健的机会而采取有针对性的干预措施，对高风险人群和区域至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY-

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

8.30%

发文量

131

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy (IJCP) offers a platform for articles on research in Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Care and related practice-oriented subjects in the pharmaceutical sciences. IJCP is a bi-monthly, international, peer-reviewed journal that publishes original research data, new ideas and discussions on pharmacotherapy and outcome research, clinical pharmacy, pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacoeconomics, the clinical use of medicines, medical devices and laboratory tests, information on medicines and medical devices information, pharmacy services research, medication management, other clinical aspects of pharmacy. IJCP publishes original Research articles, Review articles , Short research reports, Commentaries, book reviews, and Letters to the Editor. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy is affiliated with the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP). ESCP promotes practice and research in Clinical Pharmacy, especially in Europe. The general aim of the society is to advance education, practice and research in Clinical Pharmacy . Until 2010 the journal was called Pharmacy World & Science.