Breast Cancer Knowledge and Self-Examination Practices Among University Female Students in Dinajpur, Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background and Aims

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide, with increasing incidence rates in developing countries, including Bangladesh. Understanding BC awareness and self-examination practices among young women is essential for enhancing early detection and prevention efforts. This study aims to assess BC awareness, knowledge of risk factors, and the practice of breast self-examination (BSE) among female university students in Dinajpur District, Bangladesh.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 undergraduate and postgraduate female students at Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU) from May 12 to June 20, 2024. Data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews, which collected information on socio-demographic characteristics, BC awareness, risk factors, and self-examination practices. Descriptive statistics, percentages, and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the data. SPSS (version 26.0) and R software (version 4.0.2) were employed for statistical analysis.

Results

The study found that 92.4% of participants had heard of BC, with social media being the primary source of information. Although 88.4% recognized the importance of early detection, only 19.1% practiced BC screening, and 2.8% had undergone mammography. While 51.8% reported awareness of BSE, only 4.8% performed it regularly. Significant barriers to BSE included a lack of knowledge (70.7%) and concerns about effectiveness or privacy. Socioeconomic factors were found to significantly influence BC awareness, with rural students and those from lower-income families exhibiting lower awareness. Additionally, students relying on family income or scholarships had lower awareness compared to those in business.

Conclusion

The study highlights a high level of BC awareness among female university students, but significant gaps remain in self-examination practices and practical engagement. Socioeconomic status and income sources are key factors influencing BC awareness. Targeted educational interventions are needed to address these gaps and improve early detection and preventive practices among female university students.