Trace and ultra-trace elements as indicators of grape geographical origin: A case study in the Euganean hills (Italy)

Food and Humanity Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI:10.1016/j.foohum.2025.100702

Elena Marrocchino , Chiara Telloli , Lorenzo Ferroni , Fabio Faccia , Luigi Sansone , Renzo Tassinari , Carmela Vaccaro

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Abstract

This study investigates the feasibility of using trace elements as indicators of geographical grape authenticity. Focusing on the Euganean Hills, a region known for its diverse soil types due to heterogeneous lithology, we collected various soil and grape samples. These samples were analyzed for their elemental composition using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). First of all, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed distinct groupings of soil samples based on lithological origin and their corresponding elemental composition in grapes. In addition, our findings demonstrate that the inorganic fraction of grapes is more significantly influenced by soil type than by grape cultivar. Finally, Rare Earth Elements (REEs) and other trace elements emerged as effective geochemical markers, reflecting vineyard soil characteristics and aiding in grape traceability and authenticity. This research suggests that geochemical fingerprinting can be a reliable method for tracing grape geographical origin, a crucial aspect in combating fraud and ensuring the authenticity of high-quality grape products. Future studies could expand this research by exploring additional regions and incorporating a broader range of grape varieties.

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微量元素和超微量元素作为葡萄地理来源的指标：以欧洲丘陵（意大利）为例

本研究探讨了微量元素作为葡萄地理真伪指标的可行性。以欧甘纳丘陵（Euganean Hills）为中心，该地区因其不同岩性的土壤类型而闻名，我们收集了各种土壤和葡萄样本。利用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）和x射线荧光（XRF）分析了这些样品的元素组成。首先，主成分分析（PCA）揭示了土壤样品的岩性来源及其相应的葡萄元素组成的不同分组。此外，我们的研究结果表明，葡萄的无机部分受土壤类型的影响比葡萄品种的影响更显著。最后，稀土元素和其他微量元素作为有效的地球化学标志出现，反映了葡萄园土壤特征，有助于葡萄的可追溯性和真实性。该研究表明，地球化学指纹可以作为一种可靠的方法来追踪葡萄的地理来源，这是打击欺诈和确保优质葡萄产品真实性的关键方面。未来的研究可以通过探索更多的地区和纳入更广泛的葡萄品种来扩展这项研究。

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Food and Humanity

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