The impact of type 1 diabetes mellitus on hearing function in children: A systematic review

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI:10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112476

Saransh Jain , Chetak K B , Sanjana Singh , Varsha Chowdri N

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. However, its effect on hearing in children is not explicitly explored. This systematic review specifically focused on the hearing abilities of children with T1DM.

Methods

PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases were searched for 20 years (January 2004–December 2024), following the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. Two independent reviewers screened, selected, and extracted data. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools for Analytical Cross-Sectional and Case-Control Studies were utilized to assess the quality and conduct a risk of bias analysis on the eligible studies.

Results

After screening 1784 studies, 12 met the inclusion criteria for the review on the impact of T1DM on hearing function in children. A total of 1143 children aged 4–18 years were analysed across these 12 studies. The findings were heterogeneous, with some studies reporting elevated pure tone thresholds (particularly at mid to high frequencies), reduced otoacoustic emission amplitudes, and delayed auditory brainstem response latencies, while others showed no significant auditory differences between T1DM and control groups. Further, longer disease duration (more than 5 years), poor glycaemic control, and diabetes induced micro-vascular changes were associated with increased auditory deficits in several studies.

Conclusion

This systematic review shows a potential association between T1DM and hearing impairment and highlights the importance of risk-based audiological monitoring in paediatric diabetic populations. While the evidence does not support universal screening, targeted evaluations for high-risk individuals (e.g., those with poor glycaemic control or longer disease duration) may enable earlier detection and intervention. Regular monitoring can help in the early detection of hearing loss so that timely support can be provided, leading to better language skills, school performance, and overall quality of life for children.

Registration

Registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024625363).

查看原文本刊更多论文

1型糖尿病对儿童听力功能的影响：系统综述

目的1型糖尿病（T1DM）与神经病变、视网膜病变和肾病相关。然而，它对儿童听力的影响并没有明确的探讨。本系统综述特别关注T1DM儿童的听力能力。方法采用spubmed、Science Direct和Scopus数据库，检索时间为20年（2004年1月- 2024年12月），检索过程遵循《系统评价和meta分析标准首选报告项目》中概述的指南。两个独立的审稿人筛选、选择和提取数据。乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的关键评估工具用于分析横断面研究和病例对照研究，以评估质量并对符合条件的研究进行偏倚风险分析。结果经筛选的1784项研究中，有12项符合T1DM对儿童听力功能影响的纳入标准。这12项研究共分析了1143名4-18岁的儿童。研究结果是异质的，一些研究报告纯音阈值升高（特别是在中高频），耳声发射幅度降低，听觉脑干反应延迟，而其他研究显示T1DM组和对照组之间没有显著的听觉差异。此外，在一些研究中，较长的病程（超过5年）、较差的血糖控制和糖尿病引起的微血管改变与听力障碍增加有关。本系统综述显示了T1DM与听力损害之间的潜在关联，并强调了在儿童糖尿病人群中进行基于风险的听力学监测的重要性。虽然证据不支持普遍筛查，但对高危人群（如血糖控制不良或病程较长）进行有针对性的评估可能有助于早期发现和干预。定期监测有助于早期发现听力损失，以便及时提供支持，从而提高儿童的语言技能、学习成绩和整体生活质量。RegistrationRegistered in PROSPERO （CRD42024625363）。

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来源期刊

International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology 医学-耳鼻喉科学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

6.70%

发文量

276

审稿时长

62 days

期刊介绍： The purpose of the International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology is to concentrate and disseminate information concerning prevention, cure and care of otorhinolaryngological disorders in infants and children due to developmental, degenerative, infectious, neoplastic, traumatic, social, psychiatric and economic causes. The Journal provides a medium for clinical and basic contributions in all of the areas of pediatric otorhinolaryngology. This includes medical and surgical otology, bronchoesophagology, laryngology, rhinology, diseases of the head and neck, and disorders of communication, including voice, speech and language disorders.