Tuning the optical and dielectric properties of silver phosphate glass ceramics via Fe2O3 incorporation

Abstract

This study explores the optical and electrical properties of [Fe₂O₃]_x-[AgPO₃] _(x-1) glass ceramics (x = 0, 20, 30, 40 mol%) synthesized by melt-quenching. Optical parameters such as refractive index, dispersion energy, and optical conductivity were evaluated using UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy. Notably, the 20 mol% Fe₂O₃-doped sample exhibited strong light–matter interaction in the visible range, indicating its suitability for optoelectronic applications. Dielectric measurements, performed across a wide frequency range (20 Hz–10 MHz) at room temperature, revealed a giant dielectric constant (∼10⁶) at low frequencies, attributed to interfacial polarization and ion migration. The AC conductivity and relaxation behaviour were governed by the mobility of Ag⁺ and Fe²⁺ ions. A strong interaction between the optical and dielectric characteristics was observed, confirming the role of the hybrid network in enhancing both photon absorption and ionic mobility. These results highlight the potential of the 20 % Fe₂O₃–AgPO₃ composition for use in optoelectronic devices, high-frequency capacitors, and energy storage systems.