A Circularly Polarised Zero Beam-Squinting Leaky-Wave Antenna With Increased Gain Using NRI-TL Metamaterials

IF 1.1 4区计算机科学 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI:10.1049/mia2.70032

Kyriakos Neophytou, Kypros M. Kossifos, Marco A. Antoniades

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Abstract

The theory, design and experimental validation of a circularly polarised (CP) metamaterial fixed-beam leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with zero beam-squinting (ZBS) is presented in this paper. It consists of two oppositely directed negative-refractive-index transmission-line (NRI-TL) LWAs, which are fed through an NRI-TL 180 $°$ balun. Each NRI-TL LWA generates its own beam and when the two beams, which radiate is opposite directions, are combined, they produce a fixed-beam over a wide zero beam-squinting bandwidth. This NRI-TL 180 $°$ balun is specifically implemented to achieve CP radiation with enhanced gain at the broadside direction. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the NRI-TL 180 $°$ balun is presented. Finally, the measurement results of a realised broadside circularly polarised fixed-beam LWA are presented and discussed. It is shown that the addition of the NRI-TL balun doubles the gain of the metamaterial LWA, since both orthogonal components, both co- and cross-polarisations are utilised providing CP and enhanced radiation gain and efficiency. The antenna's beam-squinting bandwidth is approximately 0.9 GHz, accompanied by an axial ratio of around 1.3 and exhibits an average radiation efficiency of 80 $%$ .

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使用NRI-TL超材料的增加增益圆极化零波束斜视漏波天线

本文介绍了圆极化（CP）超材料零波束斜视固定波束漏波天线的原理、设计和实验验证。它由两个反向负折射率在线传输（NRI-TL） LWAs组成，它们通过一个180°${}^{\circ}$ balun馈电。每个NRI-TL LWA产生自己的波束，当两个方向相反的波束组合在一起时，它们在宽的零波束斜视带宽上产生固定波束。这款NRI-TL 180°${}^{\circ}$平衡器是专门为实现CP辐射而设计的，在宽方向上具有增强的增益。因此，对NRI-TL 180°${}^{\circ}$平衡进行了详细的分析。最后给出了实现的宽侧圆偏振固定波束LWA的测量结果并进行了讨论。结果表明，NRI-TL平衡的加入使超材料LWA的增益增加了一倍，因为正交分量、共极化和交叉极化都被利用来提供CP和增强的辐射增益和效率。该天线的波束斜视带宽约为0.9 GHz，轴向比约为1.3，平均辐射效率为80%。

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来源期刊

Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation 工程技术-电信学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

5.90%

发文量

109

审稿时长

7 months

期刊介绍： Topics include, but are not limited to: Microwave circuits including RF, microwave and millimetre-wave amplifiers, oscillators, switches, mixers and other components implemented in monolithic, hybrid, multi-chip module and other technologies. Papers on passive components may describe transmission-line and waveguide components, including filters, multiplexers, resonators, ferrite and garnet devices. For applications, papers can describe microwave sub-systems for use in communications, radar, aerospace, instrumentation, industrial and medical applications. Microwave linear and non-linear measurement techniques. Antenna topics including designed and prototyped antennas for operation at all frequencies; multiband antennas, antenna measurement techniques and systems, antenna analysis and design, aperture antenna arrays, adaptive antennas, printed and wire antennas, microstrip, reconfigurable, conformal and integrated antennas. Computational electromagnetics and synthesis of antenna structures including phased arrays and antenna design algorithms. Radiowave propagation at all frequencies and environments. Current Special Issue. Call for papers: Metrology for 5G Technologies - https://digital-library.theiet.org/files/IET_MAP_CFP_M5GT_SI2.pdf