The role of demographic variables in the effectiveness of metacognitive training for psychosis: A meta-analysis

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Schizophrenia Research Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI:10.1016/j.schres.2025.06.017

Hanna Gelner , Martyna Krężołek , Adrianna Aleksandrowicz , Justyna Piwińska , Maria Lamarca , Fabrice Berna , Vanessa Acuña , Caroline König , Steffen Moritz , PERMEPSY Group , Susana Ochoa , Łukasz Gawęda

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Meta-cognitive Training (MCT) is a promising therapeutic approach for schizophrenia. However, the extent to which demographic factors influence its efficacy in reducing psychotic symptoms and cognitive biases, as well as enhancing cognitive insight, needs further examination.

Methods

A comprehensive search of databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, (2007-November 2024) published only in English was conducted. Thirty-seven studies (81 % randomized, 19 % non-randomized trials) were included. Inclusion criteria were participants with a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum or related psychotic disorders, and there were no sex, gender, race, or ethnicity restrictions. We analyzed the influence of demographic factors on the efficacy of MCT, and the meta-regression analyses were conducted for variables including sex, age, duration of illness, and years of education.

Results

MCT significantly reduced positive symptoms (d = −0.40; p < 0.001), delusions (d = −0.41; p < 0.001), and improved cognitive insight (d = 0.28; p < 0.05). Women benefit more in cognitive insight in self-reflectiveness scale (d = −0.27; p = 0.05). However, no statistically significant gender differences were observed in other domains. Furthermore, no significant results were observed for other sociodemographic variables under study.

Conclusions

MCT has been demonstrated to be an effective therapeutic method in the reduction of symptoms associated with schizophrenia, with the impact of demographic factors being limited. The enhancement of cognitive insight, particularly in the domains of self-reflectiveness and self-confidence, has been demonstrated in women. Future research should consider individual differences, particularly in the context of gender to advance personalized therapeutic approaches and optimize psychological interventions.

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人口统计学变量在精神病元认知训练有效性中的作用：一项荟萃分析

元认知训练（MCT）是一种很有前途的治疗精神分裂症的方法。然而，人口因素在多大程度上影响其在减少精神病症状和认知偏差以及增强认知洞察力方面的功效，需要进一步研究。方法综合检索PubMed， PsycINFO, Scopus,（2007-十一月2024）英文出版数据库。纳入37项研究（81%为随机试验，19%为非随机试验）。纳入标准是诊断为精神分裂症谱系或相关精神障碍的参与者，没有性别、性别、种族或民族限制。我们分析了人口统计学因素对MCT疗效的影响，并对性别、年龄、患病时间和受教育年限等变量进行了meta回归分析。结果smct可显著减少阳性症状(d = - 0.40；p & lt;0.001)，妄想(d = - 0.41；p & lt;0.001)，认知洞察力提高(d = 0.28；p & lt;0.05)。在自我反思量表中，女性在认知洞察力方面获益更多(d = - 0.27；p = 0.05)。然而，在其他领域没有观察到统计学上显著的性别差异。此外，在研究中没有观察到其他社会人口变量的显著结果。结论smct是一种有效的治疗精神分裂症相关症状的方法，人口统计学因素的影响有限。认知洞察力的增强，特别是在自我反省和自信方面，已在妇女身上得到证实。未来的研究应考虑个体差异，特别是在性别背景下，以推进个性化治疗方法和优化心理干预。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Schizophrenia Research 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

8.90%

发文量

429

审稿时长

10.2 weeks

期刊介绍： As official journal of the Schizophrenia International Research Society (SIRS) Schizophrenia Research is THE journal of choice for international researchers and clinicians to share their work with the global schizophrenia research community. More than 6000 institutes have online or print (or both) access to this journal - the largest specialist journal in the field, with the largest readership! Schizophrenia Research''s time to first decision is as fast as 6 weeks and its publishing speed is as fast as 4 weeks until online publication (corrected proof/Article in Press) after acceptance and 14 weeks from acceptance until publication in a printed issue. The journal publishes novel papers that really contribute to understanding the biology and treatment of schizophrenic disorders; Schizophrenia Research brings together biological, clinical and psychological research in order to stimulate the synthesis of findings from all disciplines involved in improving patient outcomes in schizophrenia.